LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 LM117HV/LM317HV 3-Terminal Adjustable Regulator Check for Samples: LM117HV, LM317HV FEATURES 1 * * * * * * * * * * * 2 Adjustable Output Down to 1.2V Specified 1.5A Output Current Line Regulation Typically 0.01%/V Load Regulation Typically 0.1% Current Limit Constant with Temperature 100% Electrical Burn-in Eliminates the Need to Stock Many Voltages Standard 3-lead Transistor Package 80 dB Ripple Rejection Output is Short-circuit Protected P+ Product Enhancement Tested DESCRIPTION The LM117HV/LM317HV are adjustable 3-terminal positive voltage regulators capable of supplying in excess of 1.5A over a 1.2V to 57V output range. They are exceptionally easy to use and require only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, both line and load regulation are better than standard fixed regulators. Also, the LM117HV is packaged in standard transistor packages which are easily mounted and handled. In addition to higher performance than fixed regulators, the LM117HV series offers full overload protection available only in IC's. Included on the chip are current limit, thermal overload protection and safe area protection. All overload protection circuitry remains fully functional even if the adjustment terminal is disconnected. Normally, no capacitors are needed unless the device is situated more than 6 inches from the input filter capacitors in which case an input bypass is needed. An optional output capacitor can be added to improve transient response. The adjustment terminal can be bypassed to achieve very high ripple rejections ratios which are difficult to achieve with standard 3-terminal regulators. Besides replacing fixed regulators, the LM117HV is useful in a wide variety of other applications. Since the regulator is "floating" and sees only the input-tooutput differential voltage, supplies of several hundred volts can be regulated as long as the maximum input to output differential is not exceeded, i.e. do not short the output to ground. Also, it makes an especially simple adjustable switching regulator, a programmable output regulator, or by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment and output, the LM117HV can be used as a precision current regulator. Supplies with electronic shutdown can be achieved by clamping the adjustment terminal to ground which programs the output to 1.2V where most loads draw little current. The LM117HVK STEEL and LM317HVK STEEL are packaged in standard TO-3 transistor packages, while the LM117HVH and LM317HVH are packaged in a solid Kovar base TO transistor package. The LM317HVT uses a TO-220 plastic package. The LM117HV is rated for operation from -55C to +150C, and the LM317HV from 0C to +125C. Connection Diagrams Figure 1. (TO-3) Metal Can Package Case is Output Bottom View See Package Number NDS0002A Figure 2. (TO) Metal Can Package Case is Output Bottom View See Package Number NDT0003A 1 2 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Figure 3. (TO-220) Plastic Package Front View See Package Number NDE0003B Typical Applications Full output current not available at high input-output voltages Optional--improves transient response. Output capacitors in the range of 1 F to 1000 F of aluminum or tantalum electrolytic are commonly used to provide improved output impedance and rejection of transients. *Needed if device is more than 6 inches from filter capacitors. Figure 4. 1.2V-45V Adjustable Regulator *Min. output 1.2V Figure 6. 5V Logic Regulator with Electronic Shutdown* *Sets maximum VOUT Figure 5. Digitally Selected Outputs 2 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (1) (2) Power Dissipation Internally limited +60V, -0.3V Input--Output Voltage Differential -55C to +150C LM117HV Operating Junction Temperature Range LM317HV 0C to +125C -65C to +150C Storage Temperature Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec.) ESD Tolerance (1) (2) (3) 300C (3) 2000V "Absolute Maximum Ratings" indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is functional, but do not ensure specific performance limits. Refer to RETS117HVH for LM117HVH or RETS117HVK for LM117HVK military specifications. Human body model, 1.5 k in series with 100 pF. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (1) Parameter Conditions LM117HV Min Line Regulation TJ = 25C, 3V VIN - VOUT 60V LM317HV Typ Max 0.01 0.02 Min Typ Max 0.01 0.04 Units %/V IL = 10 mA (2) Load Regulation TJ = 25C, 10 mA IOUT IMAX 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5 % Thermal Regulation TJ = 25C, 20 ms Pulse 0.03 0.07 0.04 0.07 %/W 50 100 50 100 A 0.2 5 0.2 5 A 1.25 1.30 1.25 1.30 V 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.07 %/V 0.3 1 0.3 1.5 % 3.5 7 3.5 12 mA Adjustment Pin Current Adjustment Pin Current Change 10 mA IL IMAX 3.0 V (VIN - VOUT) 60V Reference Voltage 3.0 V (VIN - VOUT) 60V (3) 1.20 1.20 10 mA IOUT IMAX, P PMAX Line Regulation 3.0V (VIN - VOUT) 60V, IL = 10 mA, (2) Load Regulation 10 mA IOUT IMAX (2) Temperature Stability TMIN TJ TMAX Minimum Load Current (VIN - VOUT) = 60V Current Limit (VIN - VOUT) 15V 1 1 % K, NDE Packages 1.5 2.2 3.5 1.5 2.2 3.7 A NDT Package 0.5 0.8 1.8 0.5 0.8 1.9 A (VIN - VOUT) 60V K, NDE Packages 0.3 0.3 NDT Package 0.03 0.03 A 0.003 0.003 % 65 65 dB RMS Output Noise, % of VOUT TJ = 25C, 10 Hz f 10 kHz Ripple Rejection Ratio VOUT = 10V, f = 120 Hz CADJ = 10 F Long-Term Stability (1) (2) (3) 66 TJ = 125C 80 0.3 66 1 A 80 0.3 dB 1 % Unless otherwise specified, these specifications apply: -55C TJ +150C for the LM117HV, and 0C TJ +125C for the LM317HV; VIN - VOUT = 5V and IOUT = 0.1A for the TO package and IOUT = 0.5A for the TO-3 and TO-220 packages. Although power dissipation is internally limited, these specifications are applicable for power dissipations of 2W for the TO and 20W for the TO-3 and TO-220. IMAX is 1.5A for the TO-3 and TO-220 and 0.5A for the TO package. Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature. Changes in output voltage due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used. Refer to RETS117HVH for LM117HVH or RETS117HVK for LM117HVK military specifications. Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 3 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(1) (continued) Parameter Conditions LM117HV Min Thermal Resistance, Junction to Case Thermal Resistance, Junction to Ambient (no heat sink) NDT Package Max 12 15 NDE Package NDS Package 2.3 NDT Package 140 NDE Package NDS Package 4 LM317HV Typ Submit Documentation Feedback 35 3 Min Units Typ Max 12 15 C/W 4 5 C/W 2.3 3 C/W 140 C/W 50 C/W 35 C/W Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS Output capacitor = 0 F unless otherwise noted. Load Regulation Current Limit Figure 7. Figure 8. Adjustment Current Dropout Voltage Figure 9. Figure 10. Temperature Stability Minimum Operating Current Figure 11. Figure 12. Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 5 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Output capacitor = 0 F unless otherwise noted. 6 Ripple Rejection Ripple Rejection Figure 13. Figure 14. Ripple Rejection Output Impedance Figure 15. Figure 16. Line Transient Response Load Transient Response Figure 17. Figure 18. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 APPLICATION HINTS In operation, the LM117HV develops a nominal 1.25V reference voltage, VREF, between the output and adjustment terminal. The reference voltage is impressed across program resistor R1 and, since the voltage is constant, a constant current I1 then flows through the output set resistor R2, giving an output voltage of Since the 100 A current from the adjustment terminal represents an error term, the LM117HV was designed to minimize IADJ and make it very constant with line and load changes. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output establishing a minimum load current requirement. If there is insufficient load on the output, the output will rise. EXTERNAL CAPACITORS An input bypass capacitor is recommended. A 0.1 F disc or 1 F solid tantalum on the input is suitable input bypassing for almost all applications. The device is more sensitive to the absence of input bypassing when adjustment or output capacitors are used but the above values will eliminate the possiblity of problems. The adjustment terminal can be bypassed to ground on the LM117HV to improve ripple rejection. This bypass capacitor prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. With a 10 F bypass capacitor 80 dB ripple rejection is obtainable at any output level. Increases over 10 F do not appreciably improve the ripple rejection at frequencies above 120 Hz. If the bypass capacitor is used, it is sometimes necessary to include protection diodes to prevent the capacitor from discharging through internal low current paths and damaging the device. In general, the best type of capacitors to use are solid tantalum. Solid tantalum capacitors have low impedance even at high frequencies. Depending upon capacitor construction, it takes about 25 F in aluminum electrolytic to equal 1 F solid tantalum at high frequencies. Ceramic capacitors are also good at high frequencies; but some types have a large decrease in capacitance at frequencies around 0.5 MHz. For this reason, 0.01 F disc may seem to work better than a 0.1 F disc as a bypass. Although the LM117HV is stable with no output capacitors, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external capacitance can cause excessive ringing. This occurs with values between 500 pF and 5000 pF. A 1 F solid tantalum (or 25 F aluminum electrolytic) on the output swamps this effect and insures stability. Any increase of load capacitance larger than 10 F will merely improve the loop stability and output impedance. Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 7 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com LOAD REGULATION The LM117HV is capable of providing extremely good load regulation but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. The current set resistor connected between the adjustment terminal and the output terminal (usually 240) should be tied directly to the output of the regulator rather than near the load. This eliminates line drops from appearing effectively in series with the reference and degrading regulation. For example, a 15V regulator with 0.05 resistance between the regulator and load will have a load regulation due to line resistance of 0.05 x IL. If the set resistor is connected near the load the effective line resistance will be 0.05 (1 + R2/R1) or in this case, 11.5 times worse. Figure 19 shows the effect of resistance between the regulator and 240 set resistor. Figure 19. Regulator with Line Resistance in Output Lead With the TO-3 package, it is easy to minimize the resistance from the case to the set resistor, by using two separate leads to the case. However, with the TO-5 package, care should be taken to minimize the wire length of the output lead. The ground of R2 can be returned near the ground of the load to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation. PROTECTION DIODES When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Most 10 F capacitors have low enough internal series resistance to deliver 20A spikes when shorted. Although the surge is short, there is enough energy to damage parts of the IC. When an output capacitor is connected to a regulator and the input is shorted, the output capacitor will discharge into the output of the regulator. The discharge current depends on the value of the capacitor, the output voltage of the regulator, and the rate of decrease of VIN. In the LM117HV, this discharge path is through a large junction that is able to sustain 15A surge with no problem. This is not true of other types of positive regulators. For output capacitors of 25 F or less, there is no need to use diodes. The bypass capacitor on the adjustment terminal can discharge through a low current junction. Discharge occurs when either the input or output is shorted. Internal to the LM117HV is a 50 resistor which limits the peak discharge current. No protection is needed for output voltages of 25V or less and 10 F capacitance. Figure 20 shows an LM117HV with protection diodes included for use with outputs greater than 25V and high values of output capacitance. 8 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 CURRENT LIMIT Internal current limit will be activated whenever the output current exceeds the limit indicated in the Typical Performance Characteristics. However, if during a short circuit condition the regulator's differential voltage exceeds the Absolute Maximum Rating of 60V (e.g. VIN 60V, VOUT = 0V), internal junctions in the regulator may break down and the device may be damaged or fail. Failure modes range from an apparent open or short from input to output of the regulator, to a destroyed package (most common with the TO-220 package). To protect the regulator, the user is advised to be aware of voltages that may be applied to the regulator during fault conditions, and to avoid violating the Absolute Maximum Ratings. Figure 20. Regulator with Protection Diodes D1 protects against C1 D2 protects against C2 Schematic Diagram Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 9 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Typical Applications Figure 21. Slow Turn-On 15V Regulator Solid tantalum *Discharges C1 if output is shorted to ground Figure 22. Adjustable Regulator with Improved Ripple Rejection Figure 23. High Stability 10V Regulator 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 Solid tantalum *Minimum load current = 30 mA Optional--improves ripple rejection Figure 24. High Current Adjustable Regulator Full output current not available at high input-output voltages Figure 25. 0 to 30V Regulator Figure 26. Power Follower Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 11 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Solid tantalum *Lights in constant current mode Figure 27. 5A Constant Voltage/Constant Current Regulator Figure 28. 1A Current Regulator *Minimum load current 4 mA Figure 29. 1.2V-20V Regulator with Minimum Program Current 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 Figure 30. High Gain Amplifier Solid tantalum *Core--Arnold A-254168-2 60 turns Figure 31. Low Cost 3A Switching Regulator Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 13 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Solid tantalum *Core--Arnold A-254168-2 60 turns Figure 32. 4A Switching Regulator with Overload Protection * 0.8 R1 120 Figure 33. Precision Current Limiter Figure 34. Tracking Preregulator 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 *All outputs within 100 mV Minimum load--10 mA Figure 35. Adjustable Multiple On-Card Regulators with Single Control* Figure 36. AC Voltage Regulator Use of RS allows low charging rates with fully charged battery. **The 1000 F is recommended to filter out input transients Figure 37. 12V Battery Charger Figure 38. 50 mA Constant Current Battery Charger Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 15 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 www.ti.com Figure 39. Adjustable 4A Regulator *Sets peak current (0.6A for 1) **The 1000 F is recommended to filter out input transients Figure 40. Current Limited 6V Charger 16 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773C - APRIL 2000 - REVISED APRIL 2013 REVISION HISTORY Changes from Revision B (April 2013) to Revision C * Page Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format .......................................................................................................... 16 Copyright (c) 2000-2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 17 PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 13-Sep-2013 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Pins Package Drawing Qty Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish (2) MSL Peak Temp Op Temp (C) Device Marking (3) (4/5) LM117HVH ACTIVE TO NDT 3 500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) AU Level-1-NA-UNLIM -55 to 125 LM117HVHP+ LM117HVH/NOPB ACTIVE TO NDT 3 500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) AU Level-1-NA-UNLIM -55 to 125 LM117HVHP+ LM317HVH ACTIVE TO NDT 3 500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) AU Level-1-NA-UNLIM 0 to 125 LM317HVHP+ LM317HVH/NOPB ACTIVE TO NDT 3 500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) AU Level-1-NA-UNLIM 0 to 125 LM317HVHP+ LM317HVK STEEL ACTIVE TO-3 NDS 2 50 TBD Call TI Call TI 0 to 125 LM317HVK STEELP+ LM317HVK STEEL/NOPB ACTIVE TO-3 NDS 2 50 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) POST-PLATE Level-1-NA-UNLIM 0 to 125 LM317HVK STEELP+ LM317HVT/NOPB ACTIVE TO-220 NDE 3 45 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU SN Level-1-NA-UNLIM 0 to 125 LM317 HVT P+ (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability information and additional product content details. TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined. Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above. Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous material) (3) MSL, Peak Temp. -- The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. (4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device. 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