19-1391; Rev 0; 10/98 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches ____________________________Features The MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 are quad, low-voltage, single-pole/single-throw (SPST) analog switches. Each switch is protected against 15kV electrostatic discharge (ESD) shocks, without latchup or damage. On-resistance (100 max) is matched between switches to 4 max, and is flat (8 max) over the specified signal range. Each switch can handle Rail-to-Rail(R) analog signals. The off-leakage current is only 1nA at +25C and 10nA at +85C. The MAX4551 has four normally closed (NC) switches, and the MAX4552 has four normally open (NO) switches. The MAX4553 has two NC and two NO switches. These CMOS switches can operate with dual power supplies ranging from 2V to 6V or a single supply between +2V and +12V. They are fully specified for single +2.7V operation. All digital inputs have +0.8V and +2.4V logic thresholds, ensuring TTL/CMOS-logic compatibility when using 5V or a single +5V supply. ________________________Applications Battery-Operated Equipment Data Acquisition Test Equipment Avionics Audio Signal Routing 15kV ESD Protection per IEC 1000-4-2 +2V to +12V Single Supply 2V to 6V Dual Supplies 120 Signal Paths with 5V Supplies Low Power Consumption: <1W 4 Separately Controlled SPST Switches Rail-to-Rail Signal Handling Pin-Compatible with Industry-Standard DG211/DG212/DG213 TTL/CMOS-Compatible Inputs with Dual 5V or Single +5V Supply Ordering Information PART TEMP. RANGE MAX4551CEE 0C to +70C MAX4551CSE MAX4551CPE MAX4551C/D MAX4551EEE MAX4551ESE MAX4551EPE 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C PIN-PACKAGE 16 QSOP 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP Dice* 16 QSOP 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP Ordering Information continued at end of data sheet. *Contact factory for dice specifications. Networking Pin Configurations/Functional Diagrams/Truth Tables TOP VIEW IN1 1 16 IN2 COM1 2 15 COM2 NC1 3 14 NC2 13 V+ 12 N.C. V- 4 GND 5 MAX4551 NC4 6 11 NC3 COM4 7 10 COM3 IN4 8 9 IN3 IN1 1 16 IN2 COM1 2 15 COM2 NO1 3 14 NO2 13 V+ 12 N.C. V- 4 GND 5 MAX4552 NO4 6 11 NO3 COM4 7 10 COM3 IN4 8 9 QSOP/SO/DIP QSOP/SO/DIP MAX4551 LOGIC SWITCH MAX4552 LOGIC SWITCH 0 1 ON OFF N.C. = NOT CONNECTED 0 1 IN3 OFF ON IN1 1 16 COM1 2 15 COM2 NO1 3 14 NC2 13 V+ 12 N.C. V- 4 GND 5 MAX4553 IN2 NO4 6 11 NC3 COM4 7 10 COM3 IN4 8 9 IN3 QSOP/SO/DIP LOGIC 0 1 MAX4553 SWITCHES 1, 4 SWITCHES 2, 3 OFF ON ON OFF SWITCHES SHOWN FOR LOGIC "0" INPUT Rail-to-Rail is a registered trademark of Nippon Motorola, Ltd. ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products 1 For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800. For small orders, phone 1-800-835-8769. MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 General Description ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Voltages Referenced to GND V+.....................................................................-0.3V to +13.0V V- .....................................................................-13.0V to +0.3V V+ to V- ............................................................-0.3V to +13.0V All Other Pins (Note 1) ..........................(V- - 0.3V) to (V+ + 0.3V) Continuous Current into Any Terminal..............................10mA Peak Current into Any Terminal (pulsed at 1ms,10% duty cycle)...................................20mA ESD per Method 3015.7 (IN_, COM_, V+, V-, GND) .......>2500V IEC 1000-4-2 (NO_, NC_) ..................................................15kV Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) QSOP (derate 9.52mW/C above +70C) ....................762mW Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/C above +70C) ............696mW Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/C above +70C) ..........842mW Operating Temperature Ranges MAX455_C_E ......................................................0C to +70C MAX455_E_E ...................................................-40C to +85C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +160C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10sec) .............................+300C Note 1: Signals on NC_, NO_, COM_, or IN_ exceeding V+ or V- are clamped by internal diodes. Limit forward-diode current to maximum current rating. Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Dual Supplies (V+ = +5V, 10%, V- = -5V, 10%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 2) MAX UNITS ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range (Note 3) COM_ to NO_, COM_ to NC_ On-Resistance COM_ to NO_, COM_ to NC_ On-Resistance Match Between Channels (Note 4) VCOM_, VNO_, VNC_ C, E RON V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, VNO_ or VNC_ = 3V, ICOM_ = 1mA RON V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, VNO_ or VNC_ = 3V, ICOM_ = 1mA V- +25C 80 C, E +25C 1 C, E +25C 4 V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, VNO_ or VNC_ = +3V, 0, -3V NO_, NC_ Off-Leakage Current (Note 6) INO_(OFF), INC_(OFF) V+ = 5.5V, V- = -5.5V, VCOM_ = 4.5V, VNO_ = 4.5V +25C -1 C, E -10 COM_ Off-Leakage Current (Note 6) ICOM_(OFF) V+ = 5.5V, V- = -5.5V, VCOM_ = 4.5V, VNO_ = +25C -1 C, E -10 COM_ On-Leakage Current (Note 6) V+ = 5.5V, V- = -5.5V, VCOM_ = 4.5V +25C -2 ICOM_(ON) C, E -20 C, E 2 V 120 4 5 RFLAT(ON) 4.5V V+ 140 COM_ to NO_, COM_ to NC_ On-Resistance Flatness (Note 5) MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches 8 10 0.01 1 10 0.01 1 10 0.01 nA nA 2 nA _______________________________________________________________________________________ 20 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches (V+ = +5V, 10%, V- = -5V, 10%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 2) 2.4 1.6 MAX UNITS LOGIC INPUT IN_ Input Logic Threshold High VIN_H C, E IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low VIN_L C, E IN_ Input Current Logic High or Low IINH_, IINL_ VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V C, E -1 V 1.6 0.8 V 0.03 1 A 70 110 SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Turn-On Time tON VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, Figure 1 +25C Turn-Off Time tOFF VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, Figure 1 +25C Break-Before-Make Time Delay (MAX4553 Only) tBBM VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, V- = -5V, Figure 2 +25C CL = 1nF, VNO_ = 0, RS = 0, Figure 3 +25C 2 VNO_ = GND, f = 1MHz, Figure 6 +25C 3.5 pF Charge Injection (Note 3) NO_, NC_ Off-Capacitance Q CN_(OFF) C, E 125 50 C, E 90 100 5 20 ns ns ns 5 pC COM_ Off-Capacitance CCOM_(OFF) VCOM_ = GND, f = 1MHz, Figure 6 +25C 3 pF COM_ On-Capacitance CCOM_(ON) VCOM_ = VNO_ = GND, f = 1MHz, Figure 7 +25C 10 pF Off-Isolation (Note 7) VISO RL = 50, CL = 15pF, VN_ = 1VRMS, f = 100kHz, Figure 4 +25C < -90 dB Channel-to-Channel Crosstalk (Note 8) VCT RL = 50, CL = 15pF, VN_ = 1VRMS, f = 100kHz, Figure 5 +25C < -90 dB C, E +25C C, E +25C C, E POWER SUPPLY Power-Supply Range V+, V- V+ Supply Current I+ V+ = 5.5V, all VIN_ = 0 or V+ V- Supply Current I- V- = -5.5V 2 -1 -1 -1 -1 0.05 0.05 6 1 1 1 1 V A A ESD PROTECTION On NC_ and NO_ Pins per IEC 801-2 All Pins Contact Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 +25C 8 Air Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 +25C 15 Human Body Model +25C 15 MIL-STD-883C Method 3015 +25C 2.5 kV kV _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Dual Supplies (continued) MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Single +5V Supply (V+ = +5V, 10%, V- = -5V, 10%, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 2) MAX UNITS ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range COM_ to NO_, COM_ to NC_ On-Resistance VCOM_, VNO_, VNC_ (Note 3) C, E 0 +25C 115 RON V+ = 5V, VCOM_ = 3.5V, ICOM_ = 1mA COM_ to NO_, COM_ to NC_ On-Resistance Match Between Channels (Note 4) RON V+ = 5V, VCOM_ = 3.5V, ICOM_ = 1mA NO_, NC_ Off-Leakage Current (Notes 6, 9) INO_(OFF), INC_(OFF) V+ = 5.5V; VCOM_ = 1V, 4.5V; VN_ = 4.5V, 1V +25C -1 C, E -10 COM_ Off-Leakage Current (Notes 6, 9) ICOM_(OFF) V+ = 5.5V; VCOM_ = 1V, 4.5V; VN_ = 4.5V, 1V +25C -1 C, E -10 COM_ On-Leakage Current (Notes 6, 9) ICOM_(ON) V+ = 5.5V; VCOM_ = 4.5V, 1V +25C -2 C, E, -20 2.4 C, E V+ V 160 180 +25C 2 C, E 6 8 0.01 1 10 0.01 1 10 0.01 2 20 nA nA nA LOGIC INPUT IN_ Input Logic Threshold High VIN_H C, E IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low VIN_L C, E IN_ Input Current Logic High or Low IINH_, IINL_ VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V C, E 1.6 1.6 -1 V 0.8 V 1 A SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Turn-On Time tON VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, Figure 1 +25C Turn-Off Time tOFF VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, Figure 1 +25C Break-Before-Make Time Delay (MAX4553 Only) tBBM VCOM_ = 3V, V+ = 5V, Figure 2 +25C Q CL = 1nF, VNO_ = 0, RS = 0, Figure 3 +25C I+ V+ = 5.5V, all VIN_ = 0 or V+ Charge Injection (Note 3) 100 C, E 160 170 80 C, E 140 150 5 30 ns ns ns 1 5 0.05 1 pC POWER SUPPLY V+ Supply Current +25C -1 C, E -1 1 A ESD PROTECTION On NC_ and NO_ Pins per IEC 801-2 All Pins 4 Contact Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 +25C 8 Air Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 +25C 15 Human Body Model +25C 15 MIL-STD-883C Method 3015 +25C 2.5 _______________________________________________________________________________________ kV kV 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches (V+ = +2.7V to +3.6V, V- = 0, TA = TMIN to TMAX, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25C.) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS TA MIN TYP (Note 2) MAX UNITS ANALOG SWITCH Analog Signal Range (Note 3) COM_ to NO_, COM_ to NC_ On-Resistance VCOM_, VNO_, VNC_ RON C, E V+ = 2.7V, VCOM_ = 1.0V, ICOM_ = 0.1mA 0 +25C 200 C, E V+ V 400 500 LOGIC INPUT IN_ Input Logic Threshold High VIN_H C, E IN_ Input Logic Threshold Low VIN_L C, E IN_ Input Current Logic High or Low IINH_, IINL_ VIN_ = 0.8V or 2.4V C, E 2.0 -1 1.1 V 1.1 0.5 V 0.03 1 A SWITCH DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS (Note 4) Turn-On Time tON VCOM_ = 1.5V, V+ = 2.7V, Figure 1 +25C Turn-Off Time tOFF VCOM_ = 1.5V, V+ = 2.7V, Figure 1 +25C Break-Before-Make Time Delay (MAX4553 Only) tBBM VCOM_ = 1.5V, V+ = 3.6V, Figure 2 +25C Q CL = 1nF, VNO_ = 0, RS = 0, Figure 3 +25C I+ V+ = 3.6V, all VIN_ = 0 or V+ Charge Injection 190 C, E 350 400 160 C, E 250 300 10 50 ns ns ns 1 5 0.05 1 pC POWER SUPPLY V+ Supply Current +25C -1 C, E -1 1 A ESD PROTECTION On NC_ and NO_ Pins per IEC 801-2 All Pins Note 2: Note 3: Note 4: Note 5: Note 6: Note 7: Note 8: Note 9: Contact Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 +25C 8 Air Discharge IEC 1000-4-2 +25C 15 kV Human Body Model MIL-STD-883C Method 3015 +25C +25C 15 2.5 kV The algebraic convention is used in this data sheet; the most negative value is shown in the minimum column. Guaranteed by design. RON = RON(MAX) - RON(MIN). Resistance flatness is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum on-resistance values, as measured over the specified analog signal range. Leakage parameters are 100% tested at maximum rated temperature, and guaranteed by correlation at TA = +25C. Off-isolation = 20log10 [ VCOM_ / (VNC_ or VNO_) ], VCOM_ = output, VNC_ or VNO_ = input to off switch. Between any two switches. Leakage testing for single-supply operation is guaranteed by testing with dual supplies. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS--Single +3V Supply Typical Operating Characteristics (V+ = +5V, V- = -5V, GND = 0, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM AND TEMPERATURE (DUAL SUPPLIES) 90 TA = +85C 85 90 75 70 65 60 70 V+ = +5V V- = -5V V+ = +5V V- = -5V 55 120 TA = -40C 100 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 0 1 2 3 4 5 VCOM (V) VCOM (V) VCOM (V) ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM AND TEMPERATURE (SINGLE SUPPLY) ON- AND OFF-LEAKAGE CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE CHARGE INJECTION vs. VCOM TA = +85C 120 1n 110 10 8 6 ON-LEAKAGE 4 90 TA = 0C 100p Q (pC) LEAKAGE (A) TA = +25C 100 V+ = +5V V- = -5V 2 0 -2 10p -4 80 OFF-LEAKAGE TA = -40C 1p -6 0.1p -10 V+ = +5V V- = 0 V+ = +5V V- = 0 -8 60 -55 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 -25 0 25 50 75 100 -5 125 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 VCOM (V) TEMPERATURE (C) VCOM (V) SCR HOLDING CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE TURN-ON/TURN-OFF TIME vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE TURN-ON/TURN-OFF TIME vs. TEMPERATURE 180 150 160 90 MAX4551-08 170 MAX4551-07 200 4 5 MAX4551-09 70 6 MAX4551-06 10n MAX4551-04 130 85 80 IH+ 130 tON , tOFF (ns) 140 120 100 IH- 80 75 110 tON 90 tOFF 60 70 40 tON, tOFF (ns) RON () V+ = +5V 80 -6 5 MAX4551-05 -5 V+ = +3.3V 140 TA = 0C 50 60 V+ = +2.7V 160 TA = +25C RON () V+ = +4V V- = -4V 80 tON 70 65 tOFF 60 55 50 50 20 0 45 40 30 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 TEMPERATURE (C) 6 V- = 0 180 80 V+ = +3V V- = -3V 100 RON () RON () 110 200 MAX4551-02 V+ = +2V V- = -2V 120 95 MAX4551-01 130 ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM (SINGLE SUPPLY) MAX4551-03 ON-RESISTANCE vs. VCOM (DUAL SUPPLIES) HOLDING CURRENT (mA) MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches 60 80 100 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0 SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V+, V-) -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 TEMPERATURE (C) _______________________________________________________________________________________ 60 80 100 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY V+ = +5V V- = -5V 600 IN and OUT 1 FREQUENCY RESPONSE 0 MAX4551-11 1 MAX4551-10 10 -10 INSERTION LOSS -20 ON-PHASE 0.1 LOSS (dB) I+ THD (%) I+, I- (nA) -30 0.1 MAX4551-12 POWER-SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE 0.01 I- -40 -50 -60 OFF-ISOLATION -70 0.01 -80 0.001 -90 0.001 0.0001 -60 -40 -20 0 20 60 40 80 100 50 IN/OUT -100 1 10 100 1k 10k 100k 2M 100k 1m FREQUENCY (Hz) TEMPERATURE (C) 10m 100m 500m FREQUENCY (Hz) Pin Description PIN NAME FUNCTION MAX4551 MAX4552 MAX4553 1, 16, 9, 8 1, 16, 9, 8 1, 16, 9, 8 IN1-IN4 2, 15, 10, 7 2, 15, 10, 7 2, 15, 10, 7 COM1-COM4 3, 14, 11, 6 -- -- NC1-NC4 Analog Switch Normally Closed Terminals -- 3, 14, 11, 6 -- NO1-NO4 Analog Switch Normally Open Terminals -- -- 3, 6 NO1, NO4 Analog Switch Normally Open Terminals -- -- 14, 11 NC2, NC3 Analog Switch Normally Closed Terminals 4 4 4 V- Negative Analog Supply-Voltage Input. Connect to GND for singlesupply operation. 5 5 5 GND Ground. Connect to digital ground. (Analog signals have no ground reference; they are limited to V+ and V-.) 12 12 12 N.C. No Connection. Not internally connected. 13 13 13 V+ Logic-Control Digital Inputs Analog Switch Common* Terminals Positive Analog and Digital Supply Voltage Input. Internally connected to substrate. *NO_ (or NC_) and COM_ pins are identical and interchangeable. Either may be considered as an input or output; signals pass equally well in either direction. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 _____________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (V+ = +5V, V- = -5V, GND = 0, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches Applications Information MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 15kV ESD Protection The MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 are 15kV ESD-protected according to IEC 1000-4-2 at their NC/NO pins. To accomplish this, bidirectional SCRs are included onchip between these pins and the GND pin. In normal operation, these SCRs are off and have negligible effect on the performance of the switches. When there is an ESD strike at these pins, however, the voltages at these pins go Beyond-the-RailsTM and cause the corresponding SCR(s) to turn on in a few nanoseconds and bypass the surge safely to ground. This method is superior to using diode clamps to the supplies because unless the supplies are very carefully decoupled through low ESR capacitors, the ESD current through the diode clamp could cause a significant spike in the supplies. This may damage or compromise the reliability of any other chip powered by those same supplies. In the MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553, there are diodes to the supplies in addition to the SCRs at the NC/NO pins, but there is a resistance in series with these diodes to limit the current into the supplies during an ESD strike. The diodes are present to protect these pins from overvoltages that are not as a result of ESD strikes like those that may occur due to improper power-supply sequencing. Once the SCR turns on because of an ESD strike, it continues to be on until the current through it falls below its "holding current." The holding current is typically 110mA in the positive direction (current flowing into the NC/NO pin) and 95mA in the negative direction at room temperature (see SCR Holding Current vs. Temperature in the Typical Operating Characteristics). The system should be designed such that any sources connected to these pins are current limited to a value below these to make sure the SCR turns off when the ESD event gets over to resume normal operation. Also, keep in mind that the holding current varies significantly with temperature. At +85C, which represents the worst case, the holding currents drop to 70mA and 65mA in the positive and negative directions respectively. Since these are typical numbers, to get guaranteed turn-off of the SCRs under all conditions, the sources connected to these pins should be current limited to not more than half these values. When the SCR is latched, the voltage across it is about 3V, depending on the polarity of the pin current. The supply voltages do not affect the holding currents appreciably. The sources connected to the COM side of the switches do not need to be current limited since the switches are made to turn off internally when the corresponding SCR(s) get latched. Even though most of the ESD current flows to GND through the SCRs, a small portion of it goes into the supplies. Therefore, it is a good idea to bypass the supply pins with 100nF capacitors directly to the ground plane. ESD protection can be tested in various ways. Transmitter outputs and receiver inputs are characterized for protection to the following: * 15kV using the Human Body Model * 8kV using the Contact Discharge method specified in IEC 1000-4-2 (formerly IEC 801-2) * 15kV using the Air-Gap Discharge method specified in IEC 1000-4-2 (formerly IEC 801-2). ESD Test Conditions Contact Maxim for a reliability report that documents test setup, methodology, and results. Human Body Model Figure 8 shows the Human Body Model, and Figure 9 shows the current waveform it generates when discharged into a low impedance. This model consists of a 100pF capacitor charged to the ESD voltage of interest, which is then discharged into the test device through a 1.5k resistor. IEC 1000-4-2 The IEC 1000-4-2 standard covers ESD testing and performance of finished equipment; it does not specifically refer to integrated circuits. The MAX4551/MAX4552/ MAX4553 enable the design of equipment that meets Level 4 (the highest level) of IEC 1000-4-2, without additional ESD protection components. The major difference between tests done using the Human Body Model and IEC 1000-4-2 is higher peak current in IEC 1000-4-2. Because series resistance is lower in the IEC 1000-4-2 ESD test model (Figure 10), the ESD withstand voltage measured to this standard is generally lower than that measured using the Human Body Model. Figure 11 shows the current waveform for the 8kV IEC 1000-4-2 Level 4 ESD Contact Discharge test. The Air-Gap test involves approaching the device with a charged probe. The Contact Discharge method connects the probe to the device before the probe is energized. Beyond-the-Rails is a trademark of Maxim Integrated Products. 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches Overview The MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 construction is typical of most CMOS analog switches. They have three supply pins: V+, V-, and GND. V+ and V- are used to drive the internal CMOS switches, and they set the limits of the analog voltage on any switch. Reverse ESDprotection diodes are internally connected between each analog-signal pin and both V+ and V-. If any analog signal exceeds V+ or V-, one of these diodes conducts. During normal operation these reverse-biased ESD diodes leak, forming the only current drawn from V+ or V-. Virtually all the analog leakage current is through the ESD diodes. Although the ESD diodes on a given signal pin are identical and therefore fairly well balanced, they are reverse biased differently. Each is biased by either V+ or V- and the analog signal. This means their leakages vary as the signal varies. The difference in the two diode leakages from the signal path to the V+ and V- pins constitutes the analog-signal-path leakage current. All analog leakage current flows to the supply terminals, not to the other switch terminal. This explains how both sides of a given switch can show leakage currents of the same or opposite polarity. The analog signal paths consist of an N-channel and Pchannel MOSFET with their sources and drains paralleled, and their gates driven out of phase to V+ and Vby the logic-level translators. V+ and GND power the internal logic and logic-level translators, and set the input logic thresholds. The logic-level translators convert the logic levels to switched V+ and V- signals, to drive the gates of the analog switches. This drive signal is the only connection between the logic supplies and the analog supplies. V+ and V- have ESD-protection diodes to GND. The logic-level inputs and output have ESD protection to V+ and to GND. Increasing V- has no effect on the logic-level thresholds, but it does increase the drive to the P-channel switches, reducing their on-resistance. V- also sets the negative limit of the analog signal voltage. Bipolar Supplies The MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 operate with bipolar supplies between 2V and 6V. The V+ and V- supplies need not be symmetrical, but their sum cannot exceed the absolute maximum rating of 13.0V. Do not connect the MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 V+ to +3V, and then connect the logic-level-input pins to TTL logic-level signals. TTL logic-level outputs in excess of the absolute maximum ratings can damage the part and/or external circuits. Caution: The absolute maximum V+ to V- differential voltage is 13.0V. Typical 6V or 12V supplies with 10% tolerances can be as high as 13.2V. This voltage can damage the MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553. Even 5% tolerance supplies may have overshoot or noise spikes that exceed 13.0V. Single Supply The MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 operate from a single supply between +2V and +12V when V- is connected to GND. All of the bipolar precautions must be observed. High-Frequency Performance In 50 systems, signal response is reasonably flat up to 50MHz (see Typical Operating Characteristics ). Above 20MHz, the on-response has several minor peaks that are highly layout-dependent. The problem with high-frequency operation is not turning the switch on, but turning it off. The off-state switch acts like a capacitor and passes higher frequencies with less attenuation. At 10MHz, off-isolation is about -52dB in 50 systems, becoming worse (approximately 20dB per decade) as frequency increases. Higher circuit impedances also make off-isolation worse. Adjacent channel attenuation is about 3dB above that of a bare IC socket, and is due entirely to capacitive coupling. The logic-level thresholds are CMOS/TTL compatible when V+ = +5V. The threshold increases slightly as V+ is raised, and when V+ reaches +12V, the level threshold is about 3.1V. This is above the TTL output highlevel minimum of 2.8V, but still compatible with CMOS outputs. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 Power-Supply Considerations MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams MAX4551 MAX4552 MAX4553 SWITCH INPUT V COM +5V SWITCH OUTPUT V+ NO or NC COM VOUT RL 300 IN, EN GND LOGIC INPUT LOGIC INPUT 50% 0V CL 35pF t OFF VOUT VSWITCH OUTPUT -5V 0V 0V 0.9 * V0UT 0.9 * VOUT t ON CL INCLUDES FIXTURE AND STRAY CAPACITANCE. RL VOUT = VCOM RL + RON ( t r < 20ns t f < 20ns +3V LOGIC INPUT WAVEFORMS INVERTED FOR EN AND SWITCHES THAT HAVE THE OPPOSITE LOGIC SENSE. ) Figure 1. Switching Time +5V MAX4553 VCOM1 VCOM2 V+ COM1 LOGIC INPUT NO VOUT1 NC COM2 RL2 IN1, 2 LOGIC INPUT RL1 VOUT2 50% 0V CL1 SWITCH OUTPUT 1 (VOUT1) CL2 0.9 * V0UT1 0V SWITCH OUTPUT 2 (VOUT2) V- GND +3V -5V CL INCLUDES FIXTURE AND STRAY CAPACITANCE. 0.9 * VOUT2 0V RL = 300 CL = 35pF tD tD Figure 2. Break-Before-Make Interval (MAX4553 only) MAX4551 MAX4552 MAX4553 +5V VOUT V+ RGEN VOUT COM NC or NO VOUT IN OFF CL V GEN GND IN V- -5V VIN = +3V IN OFF ON ON OFF Q = (V OUT )(C L ) IN DEPENDS ON SWITCH CONFIGURATION; INPUT POLARITY DETERMINED BY SENSE OF SWITCH. Figure 3. Charge Injection 10 OFF ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches SIGNAL GENERATOR 0dBm MAX4551 MAX4552 MAX4553 +5V 10nF COM SIGNAL GENERATOR 0dBm V+ 0 or 2.4V IN V- IN1 IN2 50 0 or 2.4V COM2 GND 10nF RL N01 N02 ANALYZER GND V+ COM1 0V or 2.4V NC or NO ANALYZER MAX4551 MAX4552 MAX4553 +5V 10nF NC V- 10nF RL V- V- Figure 4. Off-Isolation Figure 5. Crosstalk 10nF MAX4551 MAX4552 MAX4553 +5V 10nF MAX4551 MAX4552 MAX4553 +5V V+ V+ COM COM CAPACITANCE METER 0 or 2.4V IN CAPACITANCE METER f = 1MHz NC or NO GND V- 10nF IN f = 1MHz NC or NO GND V- 10nF V- V- Figure 6. Channel Off-Capacitance 0 or 2.4V Figure 7. Channel On-Capacitance ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 Test Circuits/Timing Diagrams (continued) RC 1M CHARGE-CURRENT LIMIT RESISTOR RD 1500 IP 100% 90% DISCHARGE RESISTANCE Ir PEAK-TO-PEAK RINGING (NOT DRAWN TO SCALE) AMPERES HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE Cs 100pF STORAGE CAPACITOR DEVICE UNDER TEST 36.8% 10% 0 0 CHARGE-CURRENT LIMIT RESISTOR HIGHVOLTAGE DC SOURCE Cs 150pF I 100% 90% RD 330 DISCHARGE RESISTANCE STORAGE CAPACITOR tDL CURRENT WAVEFORM Figure 9. Human Body Model Current Waveform Figure 8. Human Body ESD Test Model RC 50M to 100M TIME tRL I PEAK MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches DEVICE UNDER TEST 10% t r = 0.7ns to 1ns t 30ns 60ns Figure 10. IEC 1000-4-2 ESD Test Model 12 Figure 11. IEC 1000-4-2 ESD Generator Current Waveform ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches MAX4551 NC2 V+ NC3 COM2 COM3 IN2 IN3 0.080" (2.03mm) IN4 IN1 COM4 COM1 TRANSISTOR COUNT: 126 NC1 V- GND SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO GND NC4 0.061" (1.55mm) MAX4553 MAX4552 NO2 V+ NC2 NO3 COM2 COM3 IN2 V+ NC3 COM2 COM3 IN2 IN3 IN3 0.080" (2.03mm) 0.080" (2.03mm) IN4 IN1 COM4 COM1 NO1 V- GND 0.061" (1.55mm) N04 IN4 IN1 COM4 COM1 NO1 V- GND N04 0.061" (1.55mm) ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13 MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 Chip Topographies Ordering Information (continued) PART TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE MAX4552CEE 0C to +70C MAX4552CSE MAX4552CPE MAX4552C/D MAX4552EEE MAX4552ESE MAX4552EPE MAX4553CEE 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C 0C to +70C 16 QSOP 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP Dice* 16 QSOP 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP 16 QSOP MAX4553CSE MAX4553CPE MAX4553C/D MAX4553EEE MAX4553ESE MAX4553EPE 0C to +70C 0C to +70C 0C to +70C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C -40C to +85C 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP Dice* 16 QSOP 16 Narrow SO 16 Plastic DIP *Contact factory for dice specifications. Package Information QSOP.EPS MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches 14 ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches SOICN.EPS ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15 MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 Package Information (continued) 15kV ESD-Protected, Quad, Low-Voltage, SPST Analog Switches PDIPN.EPS MAX4551/MAX4552/MAX4553 Package Information (continued) Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 16 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 1998 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.