19-3665; Rev 1; 7/09 KIT ATION EVALU E L B AVAILA One-Time Programmable, Linear-Taper Digital Potentiometers The MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 linear-taper digital potentiometers perform the same function as mechanical potentiometers, replacing the mechanics with a simple 2-wire up/down digital interface. These digital potentiometers provide an optional one-time programmable feature that sets the power-on reset position of the wiper. Once the wiper position is programmed, the 2-wire interface can be disabled to prevent unwanted adjustment. The MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 provide an end-to-end resistance of 100k, 50k, and 10k, respectively. The devices feature low temperature coefficients of 35ppm/C end-to-end and 5ppm/C ratiometric. All devices offer 64 wiper positions and operate from a single +2.7V to +5.5V supply. An ultra-low, 0.25A (typ) standby supply current saves power in battery-operated applications. The MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 are available in 3mm x 3mm, 8-pin TDFN and 5mm x 3mm, 8-pin MAX(R) packages. Each device is guaranteed over the -40C to +105C temperature range. Applications Features o Wiper Position Stored After One-Time Fuse Programming o 64 Tap Positions o Wiper Position Programmed Through Simple 2-Wire Up/Down Interface o 35ppm/C End-to-End Temperature Coefficient o 5ppm/C Ratiometric Temperature Coefficient o Ultra-Low 1.5A (max) Static Supply Current o +2.7V to +5.5V Single-Supply Operation o 10k, 50k, and 100k End-to-End Resistances o Tiny, 3mm x 3mm, 8-Pin TDFN and 5mm x 3mm, 8-Pin MAX Packages Ordering Information RESISTANCE (k) TOP MARK MAX5527GTA+ 8 TDFN-EP* 100 AOG PART PIN-PACKAGE MAX5527GUA+ 8 MAX 100 -- Products Using One-Time Factory Calibration MAX5528GTA+ 8 TDFN-EP* 50 AOH Mechanical Potentiometer Replacements MAX5528GUA+ 8 MAX 50 -- MAX5529GTA+ 8 TDFN-EP* 10 AOI MAX5529GUA+ 8 MAX 10 -- Pin Configurations TOP VIEW W 1 8 H CS 2 7 L MAX5527 MAX5528 MAX5529 VDD 3 +Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package. *EP = Exposed pad. Note: All devices are specified over the -40C to +105C operating temperature range. Functional Diagram 6 U/D H 5 PV GND 4 S63 H L U/D PV MAX VDD 8 7 6 5 GND R62 MAX5527 MAX5528 MAX5529 S62 R61 CS U/D MAX5527 MAX5528 MAX5529 1 2 3 4 W CS VDD GND PV UP/DOWN COUNTER S61 RW 64POSITION DECODER W S2 ONE-TIME PROGRAM BLOCK R1 S1 R0 S0 TDFN* *EXPOSED PADDLE. CONNECT TO GND. MAX is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. L ________________________________________________________________ Maxim Integrated Products For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim's website at www.maxim-ic.com. 1 MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 General Description MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 One-Time Programmable, Linear-Taper Digital Potentiometers ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS VDD to GND ...........................................................-0.3V to +6.0V PV to GND ...........................................................-0.3V to +12.0V All Other Pins to GND.................................-0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V) Maximum Continuous Current into H, L, and W MAX5527 ......................................................................0.5mA MAX5528 ......................................................................1.0mA MAX5529 ......................................................................2.0mA Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70C) 8-Pin MAX (derate 4.5mW/C above +70C) ..............362mW 8-Pin TDFN (derate 18.2mW/C above +70C) .......1454.5mW Operating Temperature Range .........................-40C to +105C Junction Temperature ......................................................+150C Storage Temperature Range .............................-65C to +150C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s) .................................+300C Stresses beyond those listed under "Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (VDD = +2.7V to +5.5V, VH = VDD, VL = GND, TA = -40C to +105C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VDD = +5.0V, TA = +25C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS DC PERFORMANCE Resolution 64 End-to-End Resistance End-to-End Resistance Temperature Coefficent 75 100 125 MAX5528 37.5 50 62.5 MAX5529 7.5 10 12.5 TCR Resistance Ratio Temperature Coefficient Taps MAX5527 35 MAX5527/MAX5528 5 MAX5529 10 k ppm/C ppm/C Integral Nonlinearity INL Potentiometer configuration, no load, Figure 1 0.025 1 LSB Differential Nonlinearity DNL Potentiometer configuration, no load, Figure 1 0.01 1 LSB Full-Scale Error Potentiometer configuration, no load, Figure 1 -0.005 -1 LSB Zero-Scale Error Potentiometer configuration, no load, Figure 1 +0.006 +1 LSB VDD 3V 90 200 VDD < 3V 125 650 MAX5527 100 Wiper Resistance (Note 2) RW DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS Wiper -3dB Bandwidth (Note 3) MAX5528 200 MAX5529 1000 MAX5527 Total Harmonic Distortion 2 f = 10kHz, midscale, 1VRMS RL = 100k kHz -78 MAX5528 -82 MAX5529 -94 _______________________________________________________________________________________ dB One-Time Programmable, Linear-Taper Digital Potentiometers (VDD = +2.7V to +5.5V, VH = VDD, VL = GND, TA = -40C to +105C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at VDD = +5.0V, TA = +25C.) (Note 1) PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS DIGITAL INPUTS (CS, U/D) 0.7 x VDD Input High Voltage VIH V Input Low Voltage VIL Input Current IIN 0.1 Input Capacitance CIN 5 0.3 x VDD V 1 A pF TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (Note 4) U/D Mode to CS Setup Time tCU Figures 2 and 3 50 ns U/D Mode to CS Hold Time tCI Figures 2 and 3 50 ns CS to U/D Step Hold Time tIC Figures 2 and 3 0 ns U/D Step Low Time tIL Figures 2 and 3 100 ns U/D Step High Time tIH Figures 2 and 3 100 Wiper Settling Time tIW CL = 0pF, Figures 2 and 3 (Note 5) PV Rising Edge to CS Falling Edge tPC Figure 5 1 ms CS Falling Edge to PV Falling Edge tCP Figure 5 5 ms CS Step Low Time tCL Figure 5 5 ms CS Step High Time tCH Figure 5 5 ms PV Falling Edge to CS Rising Edge tPH Figure 5 1 ms U/D Frequency fU/DMAX Power-Up Time tUP ns 400 ns 5 MHz 1 ms 2.7 5.5 V 1.5 A TA < +50C 10.45 11.55 TA +50C 11.00 11.55 (Note 6) POWER SUPPLY Supply Voltage VDD Static Supply Current IDD Programming Voltage PV Programming Current IPV CS = U/D = GND or VDD VPV = 11V 4 5 V mA Note 1: All devices are production tested at TA = +25C, and are guaranteed by design for TA = -40C to +105C. Note 2: The wiper resistance is measured by driving the wiper terminal with a source of 20A for the MAX5527, 40A for the MAX5528, and 200A for the MAX5529. Note 3: Wiper at midscale with a 10pF load. Note 4: Digital timing is guaranteed by design, not production tested. Note 5: Wiper setting time is measured for a single step from U/D transition until wiper voltage reaches 90% of final value. Note 6: Power-up time is the period of time from when the power supply is applied, until the serial interface is ready for writing. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 3 MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) Typical Operating Characteristics (VDD = +5.0V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) R-DNL ERROR (LSB) 0 -0.005 0 -0.010 -0.010 0 16 32 64 48 0 16 32 0 64 48 MAX5528 R-INL ERROR vs. WIPER POSITION MAX5529 R-DNL ERROR vs. WIPER POSITION MAX5529 R-INL ERROR vs. WIPER POSITION 0.005 R-INL ERROR (LSB) 0 -0.005 -0.005 -0.010 -0.010 -0.010 0 16 32 64 48 0 16 32 WIPER RESISTANCE vs. WIPER VOLTAGE END-TO-END RESISTANCE PERCENTAGE CHANGE vs. TEMPERATURE VDD = 5V 75 MAX5527: VDD = 5V, ISOURCE = 50A VDD = 3V, ISOURCE = 30A MAX5528: VDD = 5V, ISOURCE = 100A VDD = 3V, ISOURCE = 60A MAX5529: VDD = 5V, ISOURCE = 500A VDD = 3V, ISOURCE = 300A 1 2 3 WIPER VOLTAGE (V) 4 48 64 W-TO-L RESISTANCE vs. WIPER POSITION MAX5527 toc08 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 -0.1 -0.2 90 80 MAX5527 70 60 MAX5528 50 40 30 20 -0.3 MAX5529 10 -0.4 5 32 100 W-TO-L RESISTANCE (k) 100 0.4 END-TO-END RESISTANCE CHANGE (%) MAX5527 toc07 VDD = 3V 16 WIPER POSITION WIPER POSITION 125 0 64 48 WIPER POSITION 150 0 MAX5527 toc09 R-DNL ERROR (LSB) -0.005 64 MAX5527 toc06 0.010 MAX5527 toc05 0.010 MAX5527 toc04 0 0 48 WIPER POSITION 0.005 0 32 WIPER POSITION 0.005 25 16 WIPER POSITION 0.010 50 0 -0.005 -0.005 -0.010 R-INL ERROR (LSB) 0.005 0.005 R-INL ERROR (LSB) R-DNL ERROR (LSB) 0.005 0.010 MAX5527 toc02 0.010 MAX5527 toc01 0.010 4 MAX5528 R-DNL ERROR vs. WIPER POSITION MAX5527 R-INL ERROR vs. WIPER POSITION MAX5527 toc03 MAX5527 R-DNL ERROR vs. WIPER POSITION WIPER RESISTANCE () MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 One-Time Programmable, Linear-Taper Digital Potentiometers 0 -40 -15 10 35 60 TEMPERATURE (C) 85 110 0 16 32 WIPER POSITION _______________________________________________________________________________________ 48 64 One-Time Programmable, Linear-Taper Digital Potentiometers CS = U/D = GND 250 SUPPLY CURRENT (nA) VDD = 5V 200 150 VDD = 3V 50 100 SUPPLY CURRENT (A) 250 1000 MAX5527 toc11 CS = U/D = GND 200 150 100 0 35 60 85 110 VDD = 3V 1 2.5 3.0 TEMPERATURE (C) 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 0 5.5 1 2 3 4 5 6 DIGITAL INPUT VOLTAGE (V) SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION vs. FREQUENCY MIDSCALE WIPER RESPONSE vs. FREQUENCY 0 -40 -3 -50 MAX5529 MAX5527 toc14 10 MAX5527 toc13 MIDSCALE, 1VRMS, RL = 100k -60 -6 THD (dB) -15 10 0.01 0 -40 VDD = 5V 0.1 50 GAIN (dB) SUPPLY CURRENT (nA) 300 MAX5527 toc10 300 100 SUPPLY CURRENT vs. DIGITAL INPUT VOLTAGE STATIC SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE MAX5527 toc12 STATIC SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURE -9 MAX5528 -12 MAX5527 -70 MAX5528 -80 -90 MAX5527 -15 -100 MAX5529 -110 -18 0.1 1 10 100 1000 0.01 10,000 0.1 1 10 100 FREQUENCY (kHz) FREQUENCY (kHz) TAP-TO-TAP SWITCHING TRANSIENT MAX5527 toc15 U/D 2V/div GND OUTPUT W 50mV/div 400ns _______________________________________________________________________________________ 5 MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VDD = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 One-Time Programmable, Linear-Taper Digital Potentiometers Typical Operating Characteristics (continued) (VDD = +5V, TA = +25C, unless otherwise noted.) TAP-TO-TAP SWITCHING TRANSIENT MAX5527 POWER-UP WIPER TRANSIENT MAX5527 toc16 MAX5527 toc17 U/D 2V/div VDD 2V/div GND GND OUTPUT W 50mV/div 400ns OUTPUT W 2V/div GND 2s MAX5528 POWER-UP WIPER TRANSIENT MAX5529 POWER-UP WIPER TRANSIENT MAX5527 toc18 MAX5527 toc19 OUTPUT W 2V/div GND VDD 2V/div GND OUTPUT W 2V/div GND 1s 6 VDD 2V/div GND 2s _______________________________________________________________________________________ One-Time Programmable, Linear-Taper Digital Potentiometers PIN NAME FUNCTION 1 W Wiper Connection 2 CS Chip-Select Input. A high-to-low CS transition determines the increment/decrement mode. Increment if U/D is high, or decrement if U/D is low. CS is also used for one-time programming. See the PV OneTime Programming section. 3 VDD Supply Voltage. Bypass with a 0.1F capacitor to GND. 4 GND Ground 5 PV One-Time Programming Voltage. Connect PV to an 11V supply at the time the device is programmed/locked, and bypass with a 22F capacitor to GND. For normal operation, connect to GND or leave floating. 6 U/D Up/Down Control Input. When CS is low, a low-to-high transition at U/D increments or decrements the wiper position. See the Digital Interface Operation section. 7 L Resistor Low Terminal 8 H Resistor High Terminal -- EP Exposed Pad (TDFN Only). Internally connected to GND. Connect to a large ground plane to maximize thermal dissipation. Detailed Description The MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 100k/50k/10k end-to-end resistance digitally-controlled potentiometers offer 64 wiper tap positions accessible along the resistor array between H and L. These devices function as potentiometers or variable resistors (see Figure 1). The wiper (W) position is adjusted sequentially through the tap positions using a simple 2-wire up/down interface. These digital potentiometers provide an optional one-time programmable feature that sets and locks the power-on reset position of the wiper (see the PV OneTime Programming section). Once the desired wiper position is programmed, the 2-wire interface can be disabled to prevent unwanted adjustment. Digital Interface Operation The MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 provide two modes of operation when the serial interface is active: increment mode or decrement mode. The serial interface is only active when CS is low. The CS and U/D inputs control the position of the wiper along the resistor array. Set U/D high to increment the MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 when CS transitions from high to low (Figure 2). Set U/D low to decrement the MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 when CS transitions high to low (Figure 3). Once CS is held low, each lowto-high transition at U/D increments or decrements the wiper one position. Once the increment or decrement POTENTIOMETER CONFIGURATION VARIABLE-RESISTOR CONFIGURATION H H W W L L Figure 1. Potentiometer/Variable-Resistor Configuration mode is set, the device remains in that mode until CS goes high. Idle U/D high for normal operation. If U/D is low when CS transitions low to high, the wiper moves one additional tap in its present direction. The wiper remains in the same position when U/D is high and CS transitions low to high. After CS returns high, the wiper position remains the same (Figure 4). Additional increments do not change the wiper position when the wiper is at the maximum end of the resistor array. Additional decrements do not change the wiper position when the wiper is at the minimum end of the resistor array. _______________________________________________________________________________________ 7 MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 Pin Description MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 One-Time Programmable, Linear-Taper Digital Potentiometers VDD tUP CS tCU tCI tIL tIH tIC U/D tIW VW Figure 2. Increment-Mode Timing Diagram VDD tUP CS tCU tCI tIH tIL tIC U/D tIW VW Figure 3. Decrement-Mode Timing Diagram CS U/D VW WIPER REMAINS THE SAME WITH U/D HIGH AND CS RISING WIPER CHANGES WITH U/D LOW AND CS RISING Figure 4. CS Low-to-High Transition Timing Diagram PV One-Time Programming The MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 power up and function after power-up with the wiper position set in one of three ways: 1) Factory default power-up position, midscale, adjustable wiper 3) A new programmed power-up position, locked wiper The wiper is set to the factory default position at powerup (midscale, tap 31). Connect PV to GND or leave floating to continue powering up the wiper position at midscale. See Table 1 for the default and one-time programming options. 2) A newly programmed power-up position, adjustable wiper 8 _______________________________________________________________________________________ One-Time Programmable, Linear-Taper Digital Potentiometers +11V PV 0V tCH tCL tCP tPH CS tPC OPTIONAL 7TH LOCKOUT BIT 6 PULSES RECORD WIPER POSITION Figure 5. One-Time Program Mode, Serial-Interface Timing Diagram Table 1. One-Time Programming Options POWER-ON RESET WIPER POSITION MODE ADJUSTABLE WIPER Factory Default (Unprogrammed) Tap 31 Yes Programmed by Six CS Pulses Programmed position Yes Programmed by Seven CS Pulses Programmed position No 3) 4a) 4b) 5) 6) PV 11V 22F LPARASITIC < 250H RPARASITIC < 40 MAX5527 MAX5528 MAX5529 Figure 6. PV Power-Supply Decoupling Change the wiper's power-up position using the PV one-time programming sequence after power-up (see Figure 5). After setting the wiper to the desired powerup position, perform the following six-step sequence: 1) 2) TRACE PARASITICS Set U/D and CS high. Connect an external voltage source at PV in the range of +11V to +11.55V. Pull CS low. Pulse CS high for six cycles, consisting of CS starting low and going high for at least tCH, and then low for at least t CL, to change the wiper power-up position. The wiper remains adjustable. Pulse CS high for seven cycles, consisting of CS starting low and going high for at least tCH and then low for at least tCL, to change the wiper power-up position and lock the wiper in that same position. The seventh CS pulse is labeled the optional lockout bit in Figure 5. Connect PV to GND or release the voltage source, leaving PV floating. Pull CS high. Pulse CS high for six cycles to change the wiper powerup position. The wiper position returns to this programmed position on power-up, but remains adjustable. Pulse CS high for seven cycles to lock the MAX5527/ MAX5528/MAX5529 to a specific wiper position with no further adjustments allowed. This effectively converts the potentiometer to a fixed resistor-divider. The seventh pulse locks the wiper position and disables the up/down interface. Once locked, connect U/D and CS high, low, or leave them floating without increasing the supply current (see Table 1). If six clock pulses are used, the interface is enabled and the device can be put into program mode again. However, the part uses one-time programmable (OTP) memory and should be programmed only once. If the part is programmed more than once, all applied values are ORed together. Thus, if 010101 is programmed the first time and 101010 is programmed the second time, the result will be 111111. The external PV power supply must source at least 5mA and have a good transient response. Decouple the PV power supply with a 22F capacitor to GND. Ensure that no more than 250H of inductance and/or 40 of parasitic resistance exists between the capacitor and the device (see Figure 6). _______________________________________________________________________________________ 9 MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 U/D MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 One-Time Programmable, Linear-Taper Digital Potentiometers 5V 5V H 30V 30V W MAX5527 MAX5528 MAX5529 VOUT VOUT H MAX5527 MAX5528 MAX5529 L W L Figure 7. Positive LCD Bias Control Using a Voltage-Divider Figure 8. Positive LCD Bias Control Using a Variable Resistor +5V W VIN 5V L H R3 C VIN V0 REF OUT VOUT H R1 MAX6160 ADJ R1 GND MAX5527 MAX5528 MAX5529 W R2 L H MAX5527 MAX5528 MAX5529 R2 W L Figure 9. Programmable Filter Applications Information Use the MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 in applications requiring digitally controlled adjustable resistance, such as LCD contrast control where voltage biasing adjusts the display contrast, or for programmable filters with adjustable gain and/or cutoff frequency. Positive LCD Bias Control Figures 7 and 8 show an application where the voltagedivider or variable resistor is used to make an adjustable, positive LCD bias voltage. The op-amp provides buffering and gain to the resistor-divider network made by the potentiometer (Figure 7), or to a fixed resistor and a variable resistor (Figure 8). V0 = 1.23V x 100k FOR THE MAX5527 R2(k) V0 = 1.23V x 50k FOR THE MAX5528 R2(k) V0 = 1.23V x 10k FOR THE MAX5529 R2(k) Figure 10. Adjustable Voltage Reference Programmable Filter Figure 9 shows the configuration for a 1st-order programmable filter. The gain of the filter is adjusted by R2, and the cutoff frequency is adjusted by R3. Use the following equations to calculate the gain (G), and the -3dB cutoff frequency (fC), only up to frequencies one decade below the wiper -3dB bandwidth. R1 R2 1 fC = 2 x R 3 x C G =1+ Adjustable Voltage Reference Figure 10 shows the MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 used as the feedback resistors in an adjustable-voltage reference application. 10 ______________________________________________________________________________________ One-Time Programmable, Linear-Taper Digital Potentiometers For the latest package outline information and land patterns, go to www.maxim-ic.com/packages. Note that a "+", "#", or "-" in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status. PACKAGE TYPE PACKAGE CODE DOCUMENT NO. 8 TDFN-EP T833+2 21-0137 8 MAX U8+1 21-0036 Chip Information TRANSISTOR COUNT: 3420 PROCESS: BiCMOS ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11 MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 Package Information Layout and Power-Supply Considerations Proper layout and power-supply bypassing can affect device performance. Bypass VDD with a 0.1F capacitor as close to the device as possible. When programming the wiper position, bypass PV with a 22F capacitor as close to the device as possible. For a VDD power supply with a slew rate greater than 1V/s or in applications where power-supply overshoot is prevalent, connect a 10 resistor in series to VDD and bypass VDD with an additional 4.7F capacitor to ground. MAX5527/MAX5528/MAX5529 One-Time Programmable, Linear-Taper Digital Potentiometers Revision History REVISION NUMBER REVISION DATE 0 5/05 Initial release 1 7/09 Added lead-free note to the Ordering Information. Added exposed pad information to the Pin Description. Added text to PV One-Time Programming section. DESCRIPTION PAGES CHANGED -- 1, 7, 9 Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. 12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 (c) 2009 Maxim Integrated Products Maxim is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.