This is information on a product in full production.
June 2014 DocID2146 Rev 20 1/46
L78M
Precision 500 mA regulators
Datasheet
-
production data
Features
•Output current to 0.5 A
•Output voltages of 5; 6; 8; 9; 10; 12; 15; 24 V
•Thermal overload protection
•Short circuit protection
•Output transition SOA protection
•Output voltage tolerance: 2% (AB and AC
versions) or 4% (C version)
•Guaranteed in extended temperature range
Description
The L78M series of three-terminal positive
regulators is available in TO-220, TO-220FP,
DPAK and IPAK packages and with several fixed
output voltages, making it useful in a wide range
of applications. These regulators can provide
local on-card regulation, eliminating the
distributi on pr obl ems ass ocia ted with sing le poi nt
regulation. Each type employs internal current
limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area
protection, resulting it essentially indestructible. If
adequate heat sinking is provided, they can
deliver over 0.5 A output current. Although
designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators,
these devices can be used with external
components to obtain adjustable voltage and
currents.
TO-220
DPAK
TO-220FP
IPAK
www.st.com
Contents L78M
2/46 DocID2146 R ev 20
Contents
1 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
2 Pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
3 Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4 Test circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
5 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
6 Typical performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
7 Applications information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
7.1 Design considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
8 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
9 Packaging mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
10 Order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
11 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
DocID2146 Rev 20 3/46
L78M Diagram
46
1 Diagram
Figure 1. Block diagram
Pin configuration L78M
4/46 DocID2146 R ev 20
2 Pin configuration
Figure 2. Pin connections (top view)
TO220FP
IPAK
TO-220
DPAK
Figure 3. Schematic diag ram
DocID2146 Rev 20 5/46
L78M Maximum ratings
46
3 Maximum ratings
Note: Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur.
Functional operation under these condition is not implied.
Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings
Symbol Parameter Value Unit
V
I
DC input voltage for V
O
= 5 to 18 V 35 V
for V
O
= 20, 24 V 40
I
O
Output current Internally limited mA
P
D
Power dissipation Internally limited mW
T
STG
Storage temperature range - 65 to 150 °C
T
OP
Operating junction temperature range
for L78MxxAC 0 to 125
°Cfor L78MxxAB -40 to 125
for L78MxxC 0 to 150
Table 2. Thermal data
Symbol Parameter TO-220 TO-220FP DPAK IPAK Unit
R
thJC
Thermal resistance junction-case 5 5 8 8 °C/W
R
thJA
Thermal resistance junction-ambient 50 60 100 100 °C/W
Figure 4. Application circuit
Test circuits L78M
6/46 DocID2146 R ev 20
4 Test circuits
Figure 5. DC parameter
Figure 6. Load regulation
Figure 7. Ripple rejection
DocID2146 Rev 20 7/46
L78M Electri cal chara ct er ist ics
46
5 Electrical characteristics
Refer to the test circuits, T
J
= 25 °C, V
I
= 10 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specified.
Table 3. Electrical characteristics of L78M05C
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage 4.8 5 5.2 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 7 to 20 V 4.75 5 5.25 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 7 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA 100 mV
V
I
= 8 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA 50
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 100 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 50
I
d
Quiescent current 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 8 to 25 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA, T
J
= 0 to 125 °C -0.5 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 8 to 18 V, f = 120 Hz, I
O
= 300 mA 62 dB
eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 40 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current V
I
= 35 V 300 mA
Ele ctrical characteristics L78M
8/46 DocID2146 R ev 20
Refer to the test circuits, V
I
= 10 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF, T
J
= -40 to
125 °C (AB), T
J
= 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise specified.
Table 4. Electrical characteristics of L78M05A
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage T
J
= 25°C 4.9 5 5.1 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 7 to 20 V 4.8 5 5.2 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 7 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 100 mV
V
I
= 8 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 50
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25°C 100 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 50
I
d
Quiescent current T
J
= 25°C 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 8 to 25 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA -0.5 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 8 to 18 V, f = 120 Hz, I
O
= 300 mA,
T
J
= 25°C 62 dB
eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, T
J
= 25°C 40 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage T
J
= 25°C 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current T
J
= 25°C, V
I
= 35 V 300 mA
I
scp
Short circuit peak current T
J
= 25°C 700 mA
DocID2146 Rev 20 9/46
L78M Electri cal chara ct er ist ics
46
Refer to the test circuits, T
J
= 25 °C, V
I
= 11 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specified.
Table 5. Electrical characteristics of L78M06C
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage 5.75 6 6.25 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 8 to 21 V 5.7 6 6.3 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 8 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA 100 mV
V
I
= 9 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA 50
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 120 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 60
I
d
Quiescent current 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 9 to 25 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA, T
J
= 0 to 125 °C -0.5 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 9 to 19 V, f = 120 Hz, I
O
= 300 mA 59 dB
eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 45 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current V
I
= 35 V 270 mA
Ele ctrical characteristics L78M
10/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Refer to the test circuits, V
I
= 11 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µ F, C
O
= 0.1 µF, T
J
= -40 to
125 °C (AB), T
J
= 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise specified.
Table 6. Electrical characteristics of L78M06A
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage T
J
= 25°C 5.88 6 6.12 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 8 to 21 V 5.75 6 6.3 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 8 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 100 mV
V
I
= 9 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 30
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25°C 120 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 60
I
d
Quiescent current T
J
= 25°C 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 9 to 25 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA -0.5 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 9 to 19 V, f = 120 Hz, I
O
= 300 mA,
T
J
= 25°C 59 dB
eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz 45 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage T
J
= 25°C 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current T
J
= 25°C, V
I
= 35 V 270 mA
I
scp
Short circuit peak current T
J
= 25°C 700 mA
DocID2146 Rev 20 11/46
L78M Electri cal chara ct er ist ics
46
Refer to the test circuits, T
J
= 25 °C, V
I
= 14 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specified.
Table 7. Electrical characteristics of L78M08C
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage 7.7 8 8.3 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 10.5 to 23 V 7.6 8 8.4 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 10.5 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA 100 mV
V
I
= 11 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA 50
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 160 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 80
I
d
Quiescent current 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 10.5 to 25 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA, T
J
= 0 to 125 °C -0.5 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120 Hz,
I
O
= 300 mA 56 dB
eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 52 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current V
I
= 35 V 250 mA
Ele ctrical characteristics L78M
12/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Refer to the test circuits, V
I
= 14 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF, T
J
= -40 to
125 °C (AB), T
J
= 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise specified.
Table 8. Electrical characteristics of L78M08A
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage T
J
= 25°C 7.84 8 8.16 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 10.5 to 23 V 7.7 8 8.3 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 10.5 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA,
T
J
= 25°C 100 mV
V
I
= 11 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 30
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25°C 160 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 80
I
d
Quiescent current T
J
= 25°C 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 10.5 to 25 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA -0.5 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120 Hz
I
O
= 300 mA, T
J
= 25°C 56 dB
eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, T
J
= 25°C 52 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage T
J
= 25°C 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current T
J
= 25°C, V
I
= 35 V 250 mA
I
scp
Short circuit peak current T
J
= 25°C 700 mA
DocID2146 Rev 20 13/46
L78M Electri cal chara ct er ist ics
46
Refer to the test circuits, T
J
= 25 °C, V
I
= 15 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specified.
Table 9. Electrical characteristics of L78M09C
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage 8.65 9 9.35 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 11.5 to 24 V 8.55 9 9.45 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 11.5 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA 100 mV
V
I
= 12 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA 50
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 180 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 90
I
d
Quiescent current 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 11.5 to 25 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA, T
J
= 0 to 125 °C -0.5 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 12.5 to 23 V, f = 120 Hz,
I
O
= 300 mA 56 dB
eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 58 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current V
I
= 35 V 250 mA
Ele ctrical characteristics L78M
14/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Refer to the test circuits, V
I
= 15 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF, T
J
= -40 to
125 °C (AB), T
J
= 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise specified.
Table 10. Electrical characteristics of L78M09A
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage T
J
= 25°C 8.82 9 9.18 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 11.5 to 24 V 8.64 9 9.36 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 11.5 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA,
T
J
= 25°C 100 mV
V
I
= 12 to 25 V, I
O
= 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 30
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25°C 180 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 90
I
d
Quiescent current T
J
= 25°C 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 11.5 to 25 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA -0.5 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 12.5 to 23 V, f = 120 Hz,
I
O
= 300 mA, T
J
= 25°C 56 dB
eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, T
J
= 25°C 52 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage T
J
= 25°C 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current V
I
= 35 V, T
J
= 25°C 250 m A
I
scp
Short circuit peak current T
J
= 25°C 700 mA
DocID2146 Rev 20 15/46
L78M Electri cal chara ct er ist ics
46
Refer to the test circuits, V
I
= 16 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF, T
J
= -40 to
125 °C (AB), T
J
= 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise specified.
Table 11. Electrical characteristics of L78M10A
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage T
J
= 25°C 9.8 10 10.2 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 12.5 to 25 V 9.6 10 10.4 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 12.5 to 30 V, I
O
= 200 mA,
T
J
= 25°C 100 mV
V
I
= 13 to 30 V, I
O
= 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 30
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25°C 200 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 100
I
d
Quiescent current T
J
= 25°C 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 12.5 to 30 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA -0.5 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 13.5 to 24 V, f = 120 Hz,
I
O
= 300 mA, T
J
= 25°C 56 dB
eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, T
J
= 25°C 64 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage T
J
= 25°C 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current V
I
= 35 V, T
J
= 25°C 245 m A
I
scp
Short circuit peak current T
J
= 25°C 700 mA
Ele ctrical characteristics L78M
16/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Refer to the test circuits, T
J
= 25 °C, V
I
= 19 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specified.
Table 12. Electrical characteristics of L78M12C
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage 11.5 12 12.5 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 14.5 to 27 V 11.4 12 12.6 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 14.5 to 30 V, I
O
= 200 mA 100 mV
V
I
= 16 to 30 V, I
O
= 200 mA 50
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 240 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 120
I
d
Quiescent current 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 14.5 to 30 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA, T
J
= 0 to 125 °C -1 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 15 to 25 V, f = 120 Hz, I
O
= 300 mA 55 dB
eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 75 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current V
I
= 35 V 240 mA
DocID2146 Rev 20 17/46
L78M Electri cal chara ct er ist ics
46
Refer to the test circuits, V
I
= 19 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF, T
J
= -40 to
125 °C (AB), T
J
= 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise specified.
Table 13. Electrical characteristics of L78M12A
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage T
J
= 25°C 11.75 12 12.25 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 14.5 to 27 V 11.5 12 12.5 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 14.5 to 30 V, I
O
= 200 mA,
T
J
= 25°C 100 mV
V
I
= 16 to 30 V, I
O
= 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 30
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25°C 240 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 120
I
d
Quiescent current T
J
= 25°C 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 14.5 to 30 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA -1 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 15 to 25 V, f = 12 0 Hz, I
O
= 300 mA,
T
J
= 25°C 55 dB
eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, T
J
= 25°C 75 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage T
J
= 25°C 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current V
I
= 35 V, T
J
= 25°C 240 m A
I
scp
Short circuit peak current T
J
= 25°C 700 mA
Ele ctrical characteristics L78M
18/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Refer to the test circuits, T
J
= 25 °C, V
I
= 23 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specified.
Table 14. Electrical characteristics of L78M15C
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage 14.4 15 15.6 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 17.5 to 30 V 14.25 15 15.75 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 17.5 to 30 V, I
O
= 200 mA 100 mV
V
I
= 20 to 30 V, I
O
= 200 mA 50
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 300 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 150
I
d
Quiescent current 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 17.5 to 30 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA, T
J
= 0 to 125 °C -1 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 18.5 to 28.5 V, f = 120 Hz,
I
O
= 300 mA 54 dB
eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 90 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current V
I
= 35 V 240 mA
DocID2146 Rev 20 19/46
L78M Electri cal chara ct er ist ics
46
Refer to the test circuits, V
I
= 23 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF, T
J
= -40 to
125 °C (AB), T
J
= 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise specified.
Table 15. Electrical characteristics of L78M15A
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage T
J
= 25°C 14.7 15 15.3 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 17.5 to 30 V 14.4 15 15.6 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 17.5 to 30 V, I
O
= 200 mA,
T
J
= 25°C 100 mV
V
I
= 20 to 30 V, I
O
= 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 30
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25°C 300 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 150
I
d
Quiescent current T
J
= 25°C 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 17.5 to 30 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA -1 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 18.5 to 28.5 V, f = 120 Hz,
I
O
= 300 mA, T
J
= 25°C 54 dB
eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, T
J
= 25°C 90 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage T
J
= 25°C 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current V
I
= 35 V, T
J
= 25°C 240 m A
I
scp
Short circuit peak current T
J
= 25°C 700 mA
Ele ctrical characteristics L78M
20/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Refer to the test circuits, T
J
= 25 °C, V
I
= 33 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF
unless otherwise specified.
Table 16. Electrical characteristics of L78M24C
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage 23 24 25 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 27 to 38 V 22.8 24 25.2 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 27 to 38 V, I
O
= 200 mA 100 mV
V
I
= 28 to 38 V, I
O
= 200 mA 50
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 480 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25 °C 240
I
d
Quiescent current 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 27 to 38 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA, T
J
= 0 to 125 °C -1.2 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 28 to 38 V, f = 120 Hz, I
O
= 300 mA 50 dB
eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz 170 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current V
I
= 35 V 240 mA
DocID2146 Rev 20 21/46
L78M Electri cal chara ct er ist ics
46
Refer to the test circuits, V
I
= 33 V, I
O
= 350 mA, C
I
= 0.33 µF, C
O
= 0.1 µF, T
J
= -40 to
125 °C (AB), T
J
= 0 to 125 °C (AC) unless otherwise specified.
Table 17. Electrical characteristics of L78M24A
Symbol Parameter Te st conditions Min. Ty p. Max. Unit
V
O
Output voltage T
J
= 25°C 23.5 24 24.5 V
V
O
Output voltage I
O
= 5 to 350 mA, V
I
= 27 to 38 V 23 24 25 V
ΔV
O
Line regulation V
I
= 27 to 38 V, I
O
= 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 100 mV
V
I
= 28 to 38 V, I
O
= 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 30
ΔV
O
Load regulation I
O
= 5 to 500 mA, T
J
= 25°C 480 mV
I
O
= 5 to 200 mA, T
J
= 25°C 240
I
d
Quiescent current T
J
= 25°C 6 mA
ΔI
d
Quiescent current change I
O
= 5 to 350 mA 0.5 mA
I
O
= 200 mA, V
I
= 27 to 38 V 0.8
ΔV
O
/ΔT Output voltage drift I
O
= 5 mA -1.2 mV/°C
SVR Supply voltage rejection V
I
= 28 to 38 V, f = 12 0 Hz, I
O
= 300 mA,
T
J
= 25°C 50 dB
eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, T
J
= 25°C 170 µV
V
d
Dropout voltage T
J
= 25°C 2 V
I
sc
Short circuit current V
I
= 35 V, T
J
= 25°C 240 m A
I
scp
Short circuit peak current T
J
= 25°C 700 mA
Typical performa nce L78M
22/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
6 Typical performance
Figure 8. Dropout voltage vs. junction temp. Figure 9. Dropout characteristics
Figure 10. Peak output current vs. input- output
differential voltage Figure 11. Output voltage vs. junction
temperature
DocID2146 Rev 20 23/46
L78M Typical performanc e
46
Figure 12. Supply voltage rejection vs.
frequency Figure 13. Quiescent current vs. junction
temperature
Figure 14. Load transient response Figure 15. Line transient response
Figure 16. Quiescent current vs. input voltage
Applications information L78M
24/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
7 Applications information
7.1 Design considerations
The L78M series of fixed voltage regulators are designed with thermal overload protection
that shuts down the circuit when subjected to an excessive power overload condition,
internal short-circuit protection that limits the maximum current the circuit will pass, and
output transistor safe-area compensation that reduces the output short-circuit as the voltage
across the pass transistor is increased. In many low current applications, compensation
capacitors are not required. However, it is recommended that the regulator input be
bypassed with a capacitor if the regulator is connected to the power supply filter with long
wire lengths, or if the output load capacitance is large. An input bypass capacitor should be
selected to provide good high-frequency characteristics to insure stable operation under all
load conditions. A 0.33 µF or larger tantalum, mylar, or other capacitor having low internal
impedance at high frequencies should be chosen. The bypass capacitor should be mounted
with the shortest possible leads directly across the regulators input terminals. Normally good
construction techniques should be used to minimize ground loops and lead resistance drops
since the regulator has no external sense lead.
Note: Although no output capacitor is need for stability, C
o
improve transient response if present.
C
I
is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter.
Figure 17. Fixed output regulator
DocID2146 Rev 20 25/46
L78M Applications information
46
Figure 18. Constant current regulator
,
2
9
;;
5
,
G
Figure 19. Circuit for increasing output voltage
,
5
t,
G
9
2
9
;;
5
5
,
G
5
Figure 20. Adjustable output regulator (7 to 30 V)
Applications information L78M
26/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Figure 21. 0.5 to 10 V regulator
92 9;;55
Figure 22. High current voltage regulator
5
,2 ,5(*4,5(*B
9
BBBB
%(4
B
9%(4
5 BBBBBBBBBBBBBB
,5(4,4E4
Figure 23. High output current with short circuit protection
56& 9%(4,6&
DocID2146 Rev 20 27/46
L78M Applications information
46
Figure 24. Tracking voltage regulator
Figure 25. High input voltage circuit
9,1 9,9=9%(
Figure 26. Reducing power dissipation with dropping resistor
999
5 BB,PL
BBB
Q
BBBB
;;
BBB
'52
BBBB
3PD[
BBBB
,2PD[,GPD[
Applications information L78M
28/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Note: The circuit performs well up to 100 kHz.
Note: Q
2
is connected as a diode in order to compensate the variation of the Q
1
V
BE
with the
temperature. C allows a slow rise time of the V
O
.
Figure 27. Power AM modulator (unity voltage gain, I
O
≤
0.5)
Figure 28. Adjustable output voltage with temperature compensation
9
2
9
;;
5
5
9
%(
DocID2146 Rev 20 29/46
L78M Package mechanical data
46
8 Package mechanical data
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of
ECOPACK
®
packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK
®
specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com.
ECOPA C K is an ST trademark.
Figure 29. TO-220 (single gauge) drawing
BUHY'
Package mechanical data L78M
30/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Table 18. TO-220 (single gauge) mechanical data
Dim. mm
Min. Typ. Max.
A 4.40 4.60
b 0.61 0.88
b1 1.14 1.70
c 0.48 0.70
D 15.25 15.75
E 10 10.40
e 2.40 2.70
e1 4.95 5.15
F 0.51 0.60
H1 6.20 6.60
J1 2.40 2.72
L13 14
L1 3.50 3.93
L20 16.40
L30 28.90
∅
P 3.75 3.85
Q 2.65 2.95
DocID2146 Rev 20 31/46
L78M Package mechanical data
46
Figure 30. TO-220 (dual gauge) drawing
BW\SH$B5HYB7
Package mechanical data L78M
32/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Table 19. TO-220 (dual gauge) mechanical data
Dim. mm
Min. Typ. Max.
A 4.40 4.60
b 0.61 0.88
b1 1.14 1.70
c 0.48 0.70
D 15.25 15.75
D1 1.27
E 10 10.40
e 2.40 2.70
e1 4.95 5.15
F 1.23 1.32
H1 6.20 6.60
J1 2.40 2.72
L13 14
L1 3.50 3.93
L20 16.40
L30 28.90
∅
P 3.75 3.85
Q 2.65 2.95
DocID2146 Rev 20 33/46
L78M Package mechanical data
46
Figure 31. TO-220FP drawing
7012510_Rev_K
A
B
H
Dia
L7
D
E
L6 L5
L2
L3
L4
F1 F2
F
G
G1
Package mechanical data L78M
34/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Table 20. TO-220FP mechanical data
Dim. mm
Min. Typ. Max.
A4.4 4.6
B2.5 2.7
D2.5 2.75
E 0.45 0.7
F0.75 1
F1 1.15 1.70
F2 1.15 1.70
G 4.95 5.2
G1 2.4 2.7
H10 10.4
L2 16
L3 28.6 30.6
L4 9.8 10.6
L5 2.9 3.6
L6 15.9 16.4
L7 9 9.3
Dia 3 3.2
DocID2146 Rev 20 35/46
L78M Package mechanical data
46
Figure 32. DPAK drawing
B3
Package mechanical data L78M
36/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Table 21. DPAK mechanic al data
Dim. mm
Min. Typ. Max.
A2.20 2.40
A1 0.90 1.10
A2 0.03 0.23
b0.64 0.90
b4 5.20 5.40
c0.45 0.60
c2 0.48 0.60
D6.00 6.20
D1 5.10
E6.40 6.60
E1 4.70
e2.28
e1 4.40 4.60
H 9.35 10.10
L1.00 1.50
(L1) 2.80
L2 0.80
L4 0.60 1.00
R0.20
V2 0° 8°
DocID2146 Rev 20 37/46
L78M Package mechanical data
46
Figure 33. DPAK footprint
(a)
a. All dimensions are in millimeters
)3B3
Package mechanical data L78M
38/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Figure 34. DPAK type F drawing
B3B)
DocID2146 Rev 20 39/46
L78M Package mechanical data
46
Table 22. DPAK (TO-252) type F mechanical data
Dim. mm
Min. Typ. Max.
A2.18 2.40
A1 0.90 1.10
A2 0.03 0.23
b0.64 0.90
b4 4.95 5.46
c0.46 0.61
c2 0.46 0.60
D5.97 6.22
E6.35 6.73
e1 4.40 4.70
H 9.35 10.34
L1.00 1.78
L2 1.27
L4 0.60 1.02
V2 0° 8°
Package mechanical data L78M
40/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
Figure 35. IPAK drawing
0068771_K
DocID2146 Rev 20 41/46
L78M Package mechanical data
46
Table 23. IPAK mechanical data
DIM mm.
min. typ. max.
A 2.20 2.40
A1 0.90 1.10
b 0.64 0.90
b2 0.95
b4 5.20 5.40
B5 0.30
c 0.45 0.60
c2 0.48 0.60
D 6.00 6.20
E 6.40 6.60
e 2.28
e1 4.40 4.60
H 16.10
L 9.00 9.40
L1 0.80 1.20
L2 0.80 1.00
V1 10°
Packagi ng mechan ic al data L78M
42/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
9 Packaging mechanical data
Figure 36. Tape for DPAK and D
2
PAK
P1
A0 D1
P0
F
W
E
D
B0
K0
T
User direction of feed
P2
10 pitches cumulative
tolerance on tape +/- 0.2 mm
User direction of feed
R
Bending radius
B1
For machine ref. only
including draft and
radii concentric around B0
AM08852v1
Top cover
tape
DocID2146 Rev 20 43/46
L78M Packaging mechanical data
46
Figure 37. Reel for DPAK and D
2
PAK
Table 24. DPAK and D
2
PAK tape and reel mechanical dat a
Tape Reel
Dim. mm Dim. mm
Min. Max. Min. Max.
A0 6.8 7 A 330
B0 10.4 10.6 B 1.5
B1 12.1 C 12.8 13.2
D 1.5 1.6 D 20.2
D1 1.5 G 16.4 18.4
E 1.65 1.85 N 50
F 7.4 7.6 T 22.4
K0 2.55 2.75
P0 3.9 4.1 Base qty. 2500
P1 7.9 8.1 Bulk qty. 2500
P2 1.9 2.1
R40
T 0.25 0.35
W 15.7 16.3
A
D
B
Full radius G measured at hub
C
N
REEL DIMENSIONS
40mm min.
Access hole
At sl ot location
T
Tape slot
in core for
tape start 25 mm min.
width
AM08851v2
Order codes L78M
44/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
10 Order codes
Table 25. Order codes
Order codes Output
voltages
TO-220
(single gauge) TO-220
(dual gauge) TO-220FP DPAK IPAK
L78M05ABV L78M05ABV-DG L78M05ABDT-TR 5 V
L78M05ACDT-TR
L78M05CV L78M05CV-DG L78M05CP L78M05CDT-TR L78M05CDT-1 5 V
L78M06ABDT-TR 6 V
L78M06CDT-TR 6 V
L78M08ABDT-TR 8 V
L78M08CV L78M08CV-DG L78M08CDT-TR 8 V
L78M09ABDT-TR 9 V
L78M09CV L78M09CV-DG L78M09CDT-TR 9 V
L78M10ABDT-TR 10 V
L78M12ABDT-TR 12 V
L78M12ACDT-TR 12 V
L78M12CV L78M12CV-DG L78M12CDT-TR 12 V
L78M15ABV L78M15ABV-DG L78M15ABDT-TR 15 V
L78M15CV L78M15CV-DG L78M15CDT-TR 15 V
L78M24ABDT-TR 24 V
L78M24ACDT-TR 24 V
L78M24CV L78M24CV-DG L78M24CDT-TR 24 V
DocID2146 Rev 20 45/46
L78M Revision history
46
11 Revision history
Table 26. Document revision history
Date Revision Changes
21-Jun-2004 6 Document updating.
30-Aug-2006 7 Order codes updated.
29-Nov-2006 8 DPA K mechanical data updated and add footprint data.
06-Jun-2007 9 Order codes updated.
10-Dec-2007 10 Added Table 25.
19-Feb-2008 11 Modified: Table 25 on page 44.
15-Jul-2008 12 Modified: Table 25 on page 44 and Table 26 on page 45.
07-Apr-2009 13 Modified: Figure 9 on page 22 and Figure 15 on page 23.
14-Jun-2010 14 Added: Table 18 on page 26, Figure 29 on page 27, Figure 30 on page 28,
Figure 31 and Figure 32 on page 29.
11-Nov-2010 15 Modified: R
thJC
value for TO-220 Table 2 on page 5.
08-Feb-2012 16 Added: order codes L78M05CV-DG, L78M12CV-DG and L78M15CV-DG
Tabl e 25 on page 44.
09-Mar-2012 17 Added: order codes L78M08CV-DG and L78M09CV-DG Table 25 on page 44.
15-May-2012 18 Added: order codes L78M24CV-DG Table 25 on page 44.
19-Apr-2013 19 Removed: Available on request footnote 2 Table 25 on page 44.
04-Jun-2014 20
Part numbers L78MxxAB, L78MxxAC and L78MxxC changed to
L78M.
Updated the title and the features in cover page.
Cancelled Table 1.Device summary.
Updated Section 3: Maximum ratings, Section 5: Electrical characteristics,
Section 6: Typical performance and Section 8: Package mechanical data.
Added Section 7: Applications information and Section 9: Packaging
mechanical data.
Minor text changes.
L78M
46/46 DocID2146 Rev 20
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L78M15ABV L78M09CV L78M15CV L78M12CV L78M24ABDT-TR L78M15CDT-TR L78M12CDT-TR
L78M05CDT-TR L78M06CDT-TR L78M24CDT-TR L78M05ACDT-TR L78M06ABDT-TR L78M10ABDT-TR
L78M05ABV L78M08CV L78M24CV L78M05CV L78M05CP L78M05CDT-1 L78M12ABDT-TR L78M15ABDT-TR
L78M08ABDT-TR L78M09ABDT-TR L78M05ABDT-TR L78M12ACDT-TR L78M09CDT-TR L78M08CDT-TR
L78M24ACDT-TR L78M15CV-DG L78M12CV-DG L78M15ABV-DG L78M08CV-DG L78M05ABV-DG L78M24CV-
DG L78M09CV-DG L78M05CV-DG
