L78M Precision 500 mA regulators Datasheet - production data Description TO-220 DPAK The L78M series of three-terminal positive regulators is available in TO-220, TO-220FP, DPAK and IPAK packages and with several fixed output voltages, making it useful in a wide range of applications. These regulators can provide local on-card regulation, eliminating the distribution problems associated with single point regulation. Each type employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area protection, resulting it essentially indestructible. If adequate heat sinking is provided, they can deliver over 0.5 A output current. Although designed primarily as fixed voltage regulators, these devices can be used with external components to obtain adjustable voltage and currents. TO-220FP IPAK Features * Output current to 0.5 A * Output voltages of 5; 6; 8; 9; 10; 12; 15; 24 V * Thermal overload protection * Short circuit protection * Output transition SOA protection * Output voltage tolerance: 2% (AB and AC versions) or 4% (C version) * Guaranteed in extended temperature range June 2014 This is information on a product in full production. DocID2146 Rev 20 1/46 www.st.com Contents L78M Contents 1 Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2 Pin configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3 Maximum ratings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 4 Test circuits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 5 Electrical characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 6 Typical performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 7 Applications information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 7.1 Design considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 8 Package mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 9 Packaging mechanical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 10 Order codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 11 Revision history . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 2/46 DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M 1 Diagram Diagram Figure 1. Block diagram DocID2146 Rev 20 3/46 46 Pin configuration 2 L78M Pin configuration Figure 2. Pin connections (top view) TO-220 TO220FP DPAK IPAK Figure 3. Schematic diagram 4/46 DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M 3 Maximum ratings Maximum ratings Table 1. Absolute maximum ratings Symbol Parameter Value for VO = 5 to 18 V 35 for VO = 20, 24 V 40 Unit VI DC input voltage IO Output current Internally limited mA PD Power dissipation Internally limited mW - 65 to 150 C TSTG V Storage temperature range for L78MxxAC TOP 0 to 125 Operating junction temperature range for L78MxxAB -40 to 125 for L78MxxC Note: C 0 to 150 Absolute maximum ratings are those values beyond which damage to the device may occur. Functional operation under these condition is not implied. Table 2. Thermal data Symbol Parameter TO-220 TO-220FP DPAK IPAK Unit RthJC Thermal resistance junction-case 5 5 8 8 C/W RthJA Thermal resistance junction-ambient 50 60 100 100 C/W Figure 4. Application circuit DocID2146 Rev 20 5/46 46 Test circuits 4 L78M Test circuits Figure 5. DC parameter Figure 6. Load regulation Figure 7. Ripple rejection 6/46 DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M 5 Electrical characteristics Electrical characteristics Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 10 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 3. Electrical characteristics of L78M05C Symbol Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 7 to 20 V Typ. Max. Unit 4.8 5 5.2 V 4.75 5 5.25 V VI = 7 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 100 VI = 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 100 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 50 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 8 to 25 V 0.8 Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 8 to 18 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current SVR Min. VI = 35 V DocID2146 Rev 20 mA mA -0.5 62 mV/C dB 40 V 2 V 300 mA 7/46 46 Electrical characteristics L78M Refer to the test circuits, VI = 10 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125 C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 C (AC) unless otherwise specified. Table 4. Electrical characteristics of L78M05A Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25C 4.9 5 5.1 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 7 to 20 V 4.8 5 5.2 V VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Quiescent current Quiescent current change VI = 7 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 100 VI = 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25C 100 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25C 50 TJ = 25C 6 mV mV IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 8 to 25 V 0.8 mA mA Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA Supply voltage rejection VI = 8 to 18 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA, TJ = 25C eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25C 40 V Vd Dropout voltage TJ = 25C 2 V Isc Short circuit current TJ = 25C, VI = 35 V 300 mA Iscp Short circuit peak current TJ = 25C 700 mA SVR 8/46 DocID2146 Rev 20 -0.5 62 mV/C dB L78M Electrical characteristics Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 11 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 5. Electrical characteristics of L78M06C Symbol Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 8 to 21 V Typ. Max. Unit 5.75 6 6.25 V 5.7 6 6.3 V VI = 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 100 VI = 9 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 120 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 60 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 9 to 25 V 0.8 Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 9 to 19 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current SVR Min. VI = 35 V DocID2146 Rev 20 mA mA -0.5 59 mV/C dB 45 V 2 V 270 mA 9/46 46 Electrical characteristics L78M Refer to the test circuits, VI = 11 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125 C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 C (AC) unless otherwise specified. Table 6. Electrical characteristics of L78M06A Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25C 5.88 6 6.12 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 8 to 21 V 5.75 6 6.3 V VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Quiescent current Quiescent current change VI = 8 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 100 VI = 9 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 30 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25C 120 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25C 60 TJ = 25C 6 mV mV IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 9 to 25 V 0.8 mA mA Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA Supply voltage rejection VI = 9 to 19 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA, TJ = 25C eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz 45 V Vd Dropout voltage TJ = 25C 2 V Isc Short circuit current TJ = 25C, VI = 35 V 270 mA Iscp Short circuit peak current TJ = 25C 700 mA SVR 10/46 DocID2146 Rev 20 -0.5 59 mV/C dB L78M Electrical characteristics Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 14 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 7. Electrical characteristics of L78M08C Symbol Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 10.5 to 23 V Typ. Max. Unit 7.7 8 8.3 V 7.6 8 8.4 V VI = 10.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 100 VI = 11 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 160 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 80 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 10.5 to 25 V 0.8 Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current SVR Min. VI = 35 V DocID2146 Rev 20 mA mA -0.5 56 mV/C dB 52 V 2 V 250 mA 11/46 46 Electrical characteristics L78M Refer to the test circuits, VI = 14 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125 C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 C (AC) unless otherwise specified. Table 8. Electrical characteristics of L78M08A Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25C 7.84 8 8.16 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 10.5 to 23 V 7.7 8 8.3 V VO VI = 10.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 100 Line regulation VI = 11 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 30 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25C 160 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25C 80 TJ = 25C 6 VO Id Id VO/T Load regulation Quiescent current Quiescent current change mV mV IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 10.5 to 25 V 0.8 mA mA Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA Supply voltage rejection VI = 11.5 to 21.5 V, f = 120 Hz IO = 300 mA, TJ = 25C eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25C 52 V Vd Dropout voltage TJ = 25C 2 V Isc Short circuit current TJ = 25C, VI = 35 V 250 mA Iscp Short circuit peak current TJ = 25C 700 mA SVR 12/46 DocID2146 Rev 20 -0.5 56 mV/C dB L78M Electrical characteristics Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 15 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 9. Electrical characteristics of L78M09C Symbol Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 11.5 to 24 V Typ. Max. Unit 8.65 9 9.35 V 8.55 9 9.45 V VI = 11.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 100 VI = 12 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 180 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 90 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 11.5 to 25 V 0.8 Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 12.5 to 23 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current SVR Min. VI = 35 V DocID2146 Rev 20 mA mA -0.5 56 mV/C dB 58 V 2 V 250 mA 13/46 46 Electrical characteristics L78M Refer to the test circuits, VI = 15 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125 C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 C (AC) unless otherwise specified. Table 10. Electrical characteristics of L78M09A Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25C 8.82 9 9.18 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 11.5 to 24 V 8.64 9 9.36 V VO VI = 11.5 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 100 Line regulation VI = 12 to 25 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 30 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25C 180 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25C 90 TJ = 25C 6 VO Id Id VO/T Load regulation Quiescent current Quiescent current change mV mV IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 11.5 to 25 V 0.8 mA mA Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA Supply voltage rejection VI = 12.5 to 23 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA, TJ = 25C eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25C 52 V Vd Dropout voltage TJ = 25C 2 V Isc Short circuit current VI = 35 V, TJ = 25C 250 mA Iscp Short circuit peak current TJ = 25C 700 mA SVR 14/46 DocID2146 Rev 20 -0.5 56 mV/C dB L78M Electrical characteristics Refer to the test circuits, VI = 16 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125 C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 C (AC) unless otherwise specified. Table 11. Electrical characteristics of L78M10A Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25C 9.8 10 10.2 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 12.5 to 25 V 9.6 10 10.4 V VO VI = 12.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 100 Line regulation VI = 13 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 30 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25C 200 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25C 100 VO Id Id VO/T Load regulation Quiescent current Quiescent current change mV mV TJ = 25C 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 12.5 to 30 V 0.8 mA mA Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA Supply voltage rejection VI = 13.5 to 24 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA, TJ = 25C eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25C 64 V Vd Dropout voltage TJ = 25C 2 V Isc Short circuit current VI = 35 V, TJ = 25C 245 mA Iscp Short circuit peak current TJ = 25C 700 mA SVR DocID2146 Rev 20 -0.5 56 mV/C dB 15/46 46 Electrical characteristics L78M Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 19 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 12. Electrical characteristics of L78M12C Symbol Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 14.5 to 27 V Max. Unit 11.5 12 12.5 V 11.4 12 12.6 V 100 VI = 16 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 240 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 120 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 14.5 to 30 V 0.8 IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 15 to 25 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current 16/46 Typ. VI = 14.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA Output voltage drift SVR Min. VI = 35 V DocID2146 Rev 20 mA mA -1 55 mV/C dB 75 V 2 V 240 mA L78M Electrical characteristics Refer to the test circuits, VI = 19 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125 C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 C (AC) unless otherwise specified. Table 13. Electrical characteristics of L78M12A Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25C 11.75 12 12.25 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 14.5 to 27 V 11.5 12 12.5 V VO VI = 14.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 100 Line regulation VI = 16 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 30 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25C 240 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25C 120 VO Id Id VO/T Load regulation Quiescent current Quiescent current change mV mV TJ = 25C 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 14.5 to 30 V 0.8 mA mA Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA Supply voltage rejection VI = 15 to 25 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA, TJ = 25C eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25C 75 V Vd Dropout voltage TJ = 25C 2 V Isc Short circuit current VI = 35 V, TJ = 25C 240 mA Iscp Short circuit peak current TJ = 25C 700 mA SVR DocID2146 Rev 20 -1 55 mV/C dB 17/46 46 Electrical characteristics L78M Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 23 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 14. Electrical characteristics of L78M15C Symbol Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V Max. Unit 14.4 15 15.6 V 14.25 15 15.75 V 100 VI = 20 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 300 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 150 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V 0.8 IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 18.5 to 28.5 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current 18/46 Typ. VI = 17.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA Output voltage drift SVR Min. VI = 35 V DocID2146 Rev 20 mA mA -1 54 mV/C dB 90 V 2 V 240 mA L78M Electrical characteristics Refer to the test circuits, VI = 23 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125 C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 C (AC) unless otherwise specified. Table 15. Electrical characteristics of L78M15A Symbol Parameter Test conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit VO Output voltage TJ = 25C 14.7 15 15.3 V VO Output voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V 14.4 15 15.6 V VO VI = 17.5 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 100 Line regulation VI = 20 to 30 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 30 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25C 300 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25C 150 VO Id Id VO/T Load regulation Quiescent current Quiescent current change mV mV TJ = 25C 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 17.5 to 30 V 0.8 mA mA Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA Supply voltage rejection VI = 18.5 to 28.5 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA, TJ = 25C eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25C 90 V Vd Dropout voltage TJ = 25C 2 V Isc Short circuit current VI = 35 V, TJ = 25C 240 mA Iscp Short circuit peak current TJ = 25C 700 mA SVR DocID2146 Rev 20 -1 54 mV/C dB 19/46 46 Electrical characteristics L78M Refer to the test circuits, TJ = 25 C, VI = 33 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F unless otherwise specified. Table 16. Electrical characteristics of L78M24C Symbol Parameter VO Output voltage VO Output voltage VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Test conditions IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V Max. Unit 23 24 25 V 22.8 24 25.2 V 100 VI = 28 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA 50 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25 C 480 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25 C 240 mV mV Quiescent current Quiescent current change 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V 0.8 IO = 5 mA, TJ = 0 to 125 C Supply voltage rejection VI = 28 to 38 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA eN Output noise voltage B = 10 Hz to 100 kHz Vd Dropout voltage Isc Short circuit current 20/46 Typ. VI = 27 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA Output voltage drift SVR Min. VI = 35 V DocID2146 Rev 20 mA mA -1.2 50 mV/C dB 170 V 2 V 240 mA L78M Electrical characteristics Refer to the test circuits, VI = 33 V, IO = 350 mA, CI = 0.33 F, CO = 0.1 F, TJ = -40 to 125 C (AB), TJ = 0 to 125 C (AC) unless otherwise specified. Table 17. Electrical characteristics of L78M24A Symbol Parameter Test conditions VO Output voltage TJ = 25C VO Output voltage IO = 5 to 350 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V VO Line regulation VO Load regulation Id Id VO/T Quiescent current Quiescent current change Typ. Max. Unit 23.5 24 24.5 V 23 24 25 V VI = 27 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 100 VI = 28 to 38 V, IO = 200 mA, TJ = 25C 30 IO = 5 to 500 mA, TJ = 25C 480 IO = 5 to 200 mA, TJ = 25C 240 mV mV TJ = 25C 6 IO = 5 to 350 mA 0.5 IO = 200 mA, VI = 27 to 38 V 0.8 Output voltage drift IO = 5 mA Supply voltage rejection VI = 28 to 38 V, f = 120 Hz, IO = 300 mA, TJ = 25C eN Output noise voltage B =10 Hz to 100 kHz, TJ = 25C Vd Dropout voltage TJ = 25C Isc Short circuit current Iscp Short circuit peak current SVR Min. mA mA -1.2 50 mV/C dB 170 V 2 V VI = 35 V, TJ = 25C 240 mA TJ = 25C 700 mA DocID2146 Rev 20 21/46 46 Typical performance 6 L78M Typical performance Figure 8. Dropout voltage vs. junction temp. Figure 9. Dropout characteristics Figure 10. Peak output current vs. input-output differential voltage Figure 11. Output voltage vs. junction temperature 22/46 DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M Typical performance Figure 12. Supply voltage rejection vs. frequency Figure 13. Quiescent current vs. junction temperature Figure 14. Load transient response Figure 15. Line transient response Figure 16. Quiescent current vs. input voltage DocID2146 Rev 20 23/46 46 Applications information L78M 7 Applications information 7.1 Design considerations The L78M series of fixed voltage regulators are designed with thermal overload protection that shuts down the circuit when subjected to an excessive power overload condition, internal short-circuit protection that limits the maximum current the circuit will pass, and output transistor safe-area compensation that reduces the output short-circuit as the voltage across the pass transistor is increased. In many low current applications, compensation capacitors are not required. However, it is recommended that the regulator input be bypassed with a capacitor if the regulator is connected to the power supply filter with long wire lengths, or if the output load capacitance is large. An input bypass capacitor should be selected to provide good high-frequency characteristics to insure stable operation under all load conditions. A 0.33 F or larger tantalum, mylar, or other capacitor having low internal impedance at high frequencies should be chosen. The bypass capacitor should be mounted with the shortest possible leads directly across the regulators input terminals. Normally good construction techniques should be used to minimize ground loops and lead resistance drops since the regulator has no external sense lead. Figure 17. Fixed output regulator Note: 24/46 Although no output capacitor is need for stability, Co improve transient response if present. CI is required if regulator is located an appreciable distance from power supply filter. DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M Applications information Figure 18. Constant current regulator ,2 9;;5,G Figure 19. Circuit for increasing output voltage ,5 t,G 92 9;; 55 ,G5 Figure 20. Adjustable output regulator (7 to 30 V) DocID2146 Rev 20 25/46 46 Applications information L78M Figure 21. 0.5 to 10 V regulator 92 9;;55 Figure 22. High current voltage regulator 9%(4 5 BBBBBBBBBBBBBB ,5(4 ,4E4 9%(4 ,2 ,5(*4 ,5(*BBBBB B 5 Figure 23. High output current with short circuit protection 56& 9%(4,6& 26/46 DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M Applications information Figure 24. Tracking voltage regulator Figure 25. High input voltage circuit 9,1 9, 9=9%( Figure 26. Reducing power dissipation with dropping resistor 9, PLQ 9;;9'523 PD[ 5 BBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB ,2 PD[ ,G PD[ DocID2146 Rev 20 27/46 46 Applications information L78M Figure 27. Power AM modulator (unity voltage gain, IO 0.5) Note: The circuit performs well up to 100 kHz. Figure 28. Adjustable output voltage with temperature compensation 92 9;; 55 9%( Note: 28/46 Q2 is connected as a diode in order to compensate the variation of the Q1 VBE with the temperature. C allows a slow rise time of the VO. DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M 8 Package mechanical data Package mechanical data In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK(R) packages, depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK(R) specifications, grade definitions and product status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK is an ST trademark. Figure 29. TO-220 (single gauge) drawing BUHY' DocID2146 Rev 20 29/46 46 Package mechanical data L78M Table 18. TO-220 (single gauge) mechanical data mm Dim. Min. 30/46 Typ. Max. A 4.40 4.60 b 0.61 0.88 b1 1.14 1.70 c 0.48 0.70 D 15.25 15.75 E 10 10.40 e 2.40 2.70 e1 4.95 5.15 F 0.51 0.60 H1 6.20 6.60 J1 2.40 2.72 L 13 14 L1 3.50 3.93 L20 16.40 L30 28.90 P 3.75 3.85 Q 2.65 2.95 DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M Package mechanical data Figure 30. TO-220 (dual gauge) drawing BW\SH$B5HYB7 DocID2146 Rev 20 31/46 46 Package mechanical data L78M Table 19. TO-220 (dual gauge) mechanical data mm Dim. Min. Typ. A 4.40 4.60 b 0.61 0.88 b1 1.14 1.70 c 0.48 0.70 D 15.25 15.75 D1 32/46 Max. 1.27 E 10 10.40 e 2.40 2.70 e1 4.95 5.15 F 1.23 1.32 H1 6.20 6.60 J1 2.40 2.72 L 13 14 L1 3.50 3.93 L20 16.40 L30 28.90 P 3.75 3.85 Q 2.65 2.95 DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M Package mechanical data Figure 31. TO-220FP drawing L7 E A B D Dia L5 L6 F1 F2 F G H G1 L4 L2 L3 7012510_Rev_K DocID2146 Rev 20 33/46 46 Package mechanical data L78M Table 20. TO-220FP mechanical data mm Dim. Min. Typ. A 4.4 4.6 B 2.5 2.7 D 2.5 2.75 E 0.45 0.7 F 0.75 1 F1 1.15 1.70 F2 1.15 1.70 G 4.95 5.2 G1 2.4 2.7 H 10 10.4 L2 34/46 Max. 16 L3 28.6 30.6 L4 9.8 10.6 L5 2.9 3.6 L6 15.9 16.4 L7 9 9.3 Dia 3 3.2 DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M Package mechanical data Figure 32. DPAK drawing B3 DocID2146 Rev 20 35/46 46 Package mechanical data L78M Table 21. DPAK mechanical data mm Dim. Min. Typ. A 2.20 2.40 A1 0.90 1.10 A2 0.03 0.23 b 0.64 0.90 b4 5.20 5.40 c 0.45 0.60 c2 0.48 0.60 D 6.00 6.20 D1 E 5.10 6.40 6.60 E1 4.70 e 2.28 e1 4.40 4.60 H 9.35 10.10 L 1.00 1.50 (L1) 2.80 L2 0.80 L4 0.60 1.00 R V2 36/46 Max. 0.20 0 8 DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M Package mechanical data Figure 33. DPAK footprint (a) )3B3 a. All dimensions are in millimeters DocID2146 Rev 20 37/46 46 Package mechanical data L78M Figure 34. DPAK type F drawing B3B) 38/46 DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M Package mechanical data Table 22. DPAK (TO-252) type F mechanical data mm Dim. Min. Typ. Max. A 2.18 2.40 A1 0.90 1.10 A2 0.03 0.23 b 0.64 0.90 b4 4.95 5.46 c 0.46 0.61 c2 0.46 0.60 D 5.97 6.22 E 6.35 6.73 e1 4.40 4.70 H 9.35 10.34 L 1.00 1.78 L2 1.27 L4 0.60 1.02 V2 0 8 DocID2146 Rev 20 39/46 46 Package mechanical data L78M Figure 35. IPAK drawing 0068771_K 40/46 DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M Package mechanical data Table 23. IPAK mechanical data mm. DIM min. typ. max. A 2.20 2.40 A1 0.90 1.10 b 0.64 0.90 b2 b4 0.95 5.20 B5 5.40 0.30 c 0.45 0.60 c2 0.48 0.60 D 6.00 6.20 E 6.40 6.60 e e1 2.28 4.40 H 4.60 16.10 L 9.00 9.40 L1 0.80 1.20 L2 0.80 V1 10 DocID2146 Rev 20 1.00 41/46 46 Packaging mechanical data 9 L78M Packaging mechanical data Figure 36. Tape for DPAK and D2PAK 10 pitches cumulative tolerance on tape +/- 0.2 mm T P0 Top cover tape P2 D E F B1 K0 For machine ref. only including draft and radii concentric around B0 W B0 A0 P1 D1 User direction of feed R Bending radius User direction of feed AM08852v1 42/46 DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M Packaging mechanical data Figure 37. Reel for DPAK and D2PAK T REEL DIMENSIONS 40mm min. Access hole At sl ot location B D C N A Full radius G measured at hub Tape slot in core for tape start 25 mm min. width AM08851v2 Table 24. DPAK and D2PAK tape and reel mechanical data Tape Reel mm mm Dim. Dim. Min. Max. A0 6.8 7 A B0 10.4 10.6 B 1.5 12.1 C 12.8 1.6 D 20.2 G 16.4 50 B1 Min. Max. 330 13.2 D 1.5 D1 1.5 E 1.65 1.85 N F 7.4 7.6 T K0 2.55 2.75 P0 3.9 4.1 Base qty. 2500 P1 7.9 8.1 Bulk qty. 2500 P2 1.9 2.1 R 40 T 0.25 0.35 W 15.7 16.3 DocID2146 Rev 20 18.4 22.4 43/46 46 Order codes 10 L78M Order codes Table 25. Order codes Order codes TO-220 TO-220 (single gauge) (dual gauge) L78M05ABV L78M05ABV-DG TO-220FP DPAK IPAK L78M05ABDT-TR Output voltages 5V L78M05ACDT-TR L78M05CV L78M08CV L78M09CV L78M05CP L78M08CV-DG L78M09CV-DG L78M05CDT-TR L78M05CDT-1 5V L78M06ABDT-TR 6V L78M06CDT-TR 6V L78M08ABDT-TR 8V L78M08CDT-TR 8V L78M09ABDT-TR 9V L78M09CDT-TR 9V L78M10ABDT-TR 10 V L78M12ABDT-TR 12 V L78M12ACDT-TR 12 V L78M12CV L78M12CV-DG L78M12CDT-TR 12 V L78M15ABV L78M15ABV-DG L78M15ABDT-TR 15 V L78M15CV L78M15CV-DG L78M15CDT-TR 15 V L78M24ABDT-TR 24 V L78M24ACDT-TR 24 V L78M24CDT-TR 24 V L78M24CV 44/46 L78M05CV-DG L78M24CV-DG DocID2146 Rev 20 L78M Revision history 11 Revision history Table 26. Document revision history Date Revision 21-Jun-2004 6 Document updating. 30-Aug-2006 7 Order codes updated. 29-Nov-2006 8 DPAK mechanical data updated and add footprint data. 06-Jun-2007 9 Order codes updated. 10-Dec-2007 10 Added Table 25. 19-Feb-2008 11 Modified: Table 25 on page 44. 15-Jul-2008 12 Modified: Table 25 on page 44 and Table 26 on page 45. 07-Apr-2009 13 Modified: Figure 9 on page 22 and Figure 15 on page 23. 14-Jun-2010 14 Added: Table 18 on page 26, Figure 29 on page 27, Figure 30 on page 28, Figure 31 and Figure 32 on page 29. 11-Nov-2010 15 Modified: RthJC value for TO-220 Table 2 on page 5. 08-Feb-2012 16 Added: order codes L78M05CV-DG, L78M12CV-DG and L78M15CV-DG Table 25 on page 44. 09-Mar-2012 17 Added: order codes L78M08CV-DG and L78M09CV-DG Table 25 on page 44. 15-May-2012 18 Added: order codes L78M24CV-DG Table 25 on page 44. 19-Apr-2013 19 Removed: Available on request footnote 2 Table 25 on page 44. 20 Part numbers L78MxxAB, L78MxxAC and L78MxxC changed to L78M. Updated the title and the features in cover page. Cancelled Table 1.Device summary. Updated Section 3: Maximum ratings, Section 5: Electrical characteristics, Section 6: Typical performance and Section 8: Package mechanical data. Added Section 7: Applications information and Section 9: Packaging mechanical data. Minor text changes. 04-Jun-2014 Changes DocID2146 Rev 20 45/46 46 L78M Please Read Carefully: Information in this document is provided solely in connection with ST products. STMicroelectronics NV and its subsidiaries ("ST") reserve the right to make changes, corrections, modifications or improvements, to this document, and the products and services described herein at any time, without notice. All ST products are sold pursuant to ST's terms and conditions of sale. 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