Product Folder Sample & Buy Technical Documents Support & Community Tools & Software LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 LMx17HV High Voltage Three-Terminal Adjustable Regulator With Overload Protection 1 Features 3 Description * * * * * * * * The LMx17HV is an adjustable 3-terminal positive voltage regulator capable of supplying 1.5 A or more currents over a 1.25-V to 57-V output voltage range. It requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage. The LMx17HV is packaged in standard transistor packages that are easily mounted and handled. 1 * Up to 60 V Input to Output Differential 1.5-A Output Current Line Regulation 0.01%/V (Typical) Load Regulation 0.1% (Typical) 80-dB Ripple Rejection (Typical) Internal Short-Circuit Current Limiting Protection Thermal Overload Protection -55 to 150C Operating Temperature Range (LM117HV) 0 to 125C Operating Temperature Range (LM317HV) 2 Applications * * * * * Industrial Power Supplies PLC Systems Factory Automation Systems Building Automation Systems Battery Charger 1.2-V to 50-V Adjustable Regulator With High Voltage Input The LMx17HV offers overload protection like current limit, thermal overload protection and safe area protection, which make the device blowout proof. The overload protection circuitry remains fully functional even if the adjustment terminal is disconnected. Typically, no capacitors are needed unless the device is situated more than 6 inches from the input filter capacitors, in which case an input bypass is needed. An optional output capacitor can be added to improve transient response. The adjustment terminal can be bypassed to achieve very high ripple rejection ratios which are difficult to achieve with standard 3-terminal regulators. Since the regulator is floating and sees only the inputto-output differential voltage, supplies of several hundred volts can be regulated as long as the maximum input to output differential is not exceeded, or in other words, do not short the output to ground. By connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment and output, the LMx17HV can also be used as a precision current regulator. Supplies with electronic shutdown can be achieved by clamping the adjustment terminal to ground, which programs the output to 1.25 V where most loads draw little current. Device Information(1) PART NUMBER *Needed if device is more than 6 inches from filter capacitors. . PACKAGE BODY SIZE (NOM) LM117HV LM317HV TO-39 (3) 8.255 mm x 8.255 mm TO-3 (2) 19.507 mm x 19.507 mm LM317HV TO-220 (3) 14.986 mm x 10.16 mm (1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at the end of the data sheet. Optional--improves transient response ae R2 o VOUT = 1.25 V c 1 + + I ADJ (R2 ) R1 /o e 1 An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications, intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA. LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 www.ti.com Table of Contents 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Features .................................................................. Applications ........................................................... Description ............................................................. Revision History..................................................... Device Comparison Table..................................... Pin Configuration and Functions ......................... Specifications......................................................... 1 1 1 2 3 4 4 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 4 5 5 5 6 7 Absolute Maximum Ratings ...................................... ESD Ratings.............................................................. Recommended Operating Conditions....................... Thermal Information .................................................. Electrical Characteristics........................................... Typical Characteristics .............................................. Detailed Description .............................................. 9 8.1 Overview ................................................................... 9 8.2 Functional Block Diagram ......................................... 9 8.3 Feature Description................................................. 10 8.4 Device Functional Modes........................................ 10 9 Application and Implementation ........................ 12 9.1 Application Information............................................ 12 9.2 Typical Applications ............................................... 12 10 Power Supply Recommendations ..................... 21 11 Layout................................................................... 21 11.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 21 11.2 Layout Example .................................................... 21 12 Device and Documentation Support ................. 22 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 Related Links ........................................................ Community Resources.......................................... Trademarks ........................................................... Electrostatic Discharge Caution ............................ Glossary ................................................................ 22 22 22 22 22 13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information ........................................................... 22 4 Revision History NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version. Changes from Revision C (April 2013) to Revision D * Page Added Pin Configuration and Functions section, ESD Ratings table, Feature Description section, Device Functional Modes, Application and Implementation section, Power Supply Recommendations section, Layout section, Device and Documentation Support section, and Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information section .............................. 1 Changes from Revision B (November 2004) to Revision C * 2 Page Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format ........................................................................................................... 20 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 5 Device Comparison Table Table 1. LM317 Family Options PART / DATASHEET TEMPERATURE DESCRIPTION PRODUCT FOLDER LM317-N 0 C to 125 C 40-V, 1.5-A Catalog device Click here LM317A -40 C to 125 C 40-V, 1.5-A Industrial device Click here LM317HV 0 C to 125 C 60-V, 1.5-A Catalog device Click here LM317L-N -40 C to 125 C 40-V, 0.1-A, Industrial device Click here LM117 -55 C to 150 C 40-V, 1.5-A Extended temperature device Click here LM117HV -55 C to 150 C 60-V, 1.5-A Extended temperature device Click here LM117HVQML -55 C to 125 C 60-V, 1.5-A Military grade device per spec MIL-PRF-38535 Click here LM117HVQML-SP -55 C to 125 C 60V, 1.5-A Space grade device Click here LM117JAN -55 C to 125 C 40-V, 1.5-A Military grade device per spec MIL-PRF-38510 Click here LM117QML -55 C to 125 C 40-V, 1.5-A Military grade device per spec MIL-PRF-38535 Click here LM117QML-SP -55 C to 125 C 40V, 1.5-A Space grade device Click here Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 3 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 www.ti.com 6 Pin Configuration and Functions Metal Can NDS Package 2-Pin TO-3 Bottom View Metal Can NDT Package 3-pin TO-39 Bottom View NDE Package 3-Pin TO-220 Front View Pin Functions PIN NAME TO-39 NO. TO-3 NO. TO-220 NO. I/O ADJ 2 1 1 -- Adjust Pin VOUT 3, CASE CASE 2, TAB O Output voltage pin for the regulator 1 2 3 I Input voltage pin for the regulator VIN DESCRIPTION 7 Specifications 7.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings See (1) . MIN Power dissipation Input-output voltage differential -65 Storage temperature, Tstg 4 UNIT Internally limited -0.3 Lead temperature (soldering, 10 seconds) (1) MAX 60 V 300 C 150 C Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 7.2 ESD Ratings V(ESD) (1) Electrostatic discharge Human body model (HBM) (1) VALUE UNIT 2000 V Manufacturing with less than 500-V HBM is possible with the necessary precautions. 7.3 Recommended Operating Conditions over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) Operating junction temperature MIN MAX UNIT LM117HV -55 150 C LM317HV 0 125 C 7.4 Thermal Information LM117HV, LM317HV THERMAL METRIC (1) LM317HV NDT (TO-39) NDS (TO-3) NDE (TO-220) 3 PINS 2 PINS 3 PINS 140 (2) 35 (2) 23.0 C/W UNIT RJA Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance RJC(top) Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance 12 2.3 15.9 C/W RJB Junction-to-board thermal resistance -- -- 4.6 C/W JT Junction-to-top characterization parameter -- -- 2.5 C/W JB Junction-to-board characterization parameter -- -- 4.6 C/W RJC(bot) Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance -- -- 0.9 C/W (1) (2) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application report, SPRA953. No Heat Sink Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 5 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 www.ti.com 7.5 Electrical Characteristics (1) PARAMETER TEST CONDITIONS LM117HV LM317HV TYP MAX MAX TJ = 25C 0.01 over full Operating Temperature Range 0.02 0.01 0.04 %/V 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.07 %/V TJ = 25C 0.1% 0.3% 0.1% 0.5% over full Operating Temperature Range 0.3% 1% 0.3% 1.5% 0.03 0.07 0.04 0.07 %/W 50 100 50 100 A 0.2 5 0.2 5 A 1.25 1.3 1.25 1.3 V 3.5 12 mA 3 V VIN - VOUT 60 V IL = 10 mA (2) Load Regulation 10 mA IOUT IMAX Thermal Regulation TJ = 25C, 20 ms Pulse Adjustment Pin Current MIN Adjustment Pin Current Change 10 mA IL IMAX 3 V (VIN - VOUT) 60 V Reference Voltage 3 V (VIN - VOUT) 60 V 10 mA IOUT IMAX, P PMAX Temperature Stability TMIN TJ TMAX 1% Minimum Load Current (VIN - VOUT) = 60 V 3.5 7 1.5 2.2 3.5 1.5 2.2 3.7 0.5 0.8 1.8 0.5 0.8 1.9 (VIN - VOUT) 15 V Current Limit (VIN - VOUT) 60 V RMS Output Noise, % of VOUT Ripple Rejection Ratio Long-Term Stability (1) (2) 6 TO-3, TO-220 Packages TO-39 Package 1.2 TO-3, TO-220 Packages TO-39 Package TJ = 25C, 10 Hz f 10 kHz VOUT = 10V, f = 120 Hz CADJ = 10 F TJ = 125C UNIT TYP Line Regulation MIN 66 1.2 1% 0.3 0.3 0.03 0.03 0.003% 0.003% 65 65 80 66 0.3% 1% A dB 80 0.3% A dB 1% Unless otherwise specified, these specifications apply: -55C TJ +150C for the LM117HV, and 0C TJ +125C for the LM317HV; VIN - VOUT = 5 V and IOUT = 0.1 A for the TO-39 package and IOUT = 0.5 A for the TO-3 and TO-220 packages. Although power dissipation is internally limited, these specifications are applicable for power dissipations of 2 W for the TO-39 and 20 W for the TO-3 and TO-220. IMAX is 1.5 A for the TO-3 and TO-220 and 0.5 A for the TO-39 package. Regulation is measured at constant junction temperature. Changes in output voltage due to heating effects must be taken into account separately. Pulse testing with low duty cycle is used. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 7.6 Typical Characteristics Output capacitor = 0 F unless otherwise noted. Figure 1. Load Regulation Figure 2. Current Limit Figure 3. Adjustment Current Figure 4. Dropout Voltage Figure 5. Temperature Stability Figure 6. Minimum Operating Current Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 7 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 www.ti.com Typical Characteristics (continued) Output capacitor = 0 F unless otherwise noted. Figure 7. Ripple Rejection 8 Figure 8. Ripple Rejection Figure 9. Ripple Rejection Figure 10. Output Impedance Figure 11. Line Transient Response Figure 12. Load Transient Response Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 8 Detailed Description 8.1 Overview In operation, the LM317HV develops a nominal 1.25-V reference voltage, VREF, between the output and adjustment terminal. The reference voltage is impressed across program resistor R1 and, since the voltage is constant, a constant current I1 then flows through the output set resistor R2, giving an output voltage calculated by Equation 1: ae R2 o VOUT = VREF c 1 + + I ADJ (R2 ) R1 /o e (1) Figure 13. Adjustable VOUT Through R1 and R2 Because the 100-A current from the adjustment terminal represents an error term, the LM317HV was designed to minimize IADJ and make it very constant with line and load changes. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output establishing a minimum load current requirement. If there is insufficient load on the output, the output will rise. 8.2 Functional Block Diagram Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 9 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 www.ti.com 8.3 Feature Description 8.3.1 Load Regulation The LM317HV is capable of providing extremely good load regulation but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. The current set resistor, R1, should be connected near the output terminal of the regulator rather than near the load. If R1 is placed too far from the output terminal, then the increased trace resistance, RS, will cause an error voltage drop in the adjustment loop and degrade load regulation performance. Therefore, R1 should be placed as close as possible to the output terminal to minimize RS and maximize load regulation performance. Figure 14 shows the effect of the trace resistance, RS, when R1 is placed far from the output terminal of the regulator. It is clear that RS will cause an error voltage drop especially during higher current loads, so it is important to minimize the RS trace resistance by keeping R1 close to the regulator output terminal. Figure 14. Regulator With Line Resistance in Output Lead With the TO-3 package, it is easy to minimize the resistance from the case to the set resistor, by using two separate leads to the case. However, with the TO-39 package, take care to minimize the wire length of the output lead. The ground of R2 can be returned near the ground of the load to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation. 8.3.2 Current Limit Internal current limit will be activated whenever the output current exceeds the limit indicated in Typical Characteristics. However, if the regulators differential voltage exceeds the absolute maximum rating of 60 V during a short-circuit condition (for example: VIN 60 V, VOUT = 0 V), internal junctions in the regulator may break down and the device may be damaged or fail. Failure modes range from an apparent open or short from input to output of the regulator, to a destroyed package (most common with the TO-220 package). To protect the regulator, the user is advised to be aware of voltages that may be applied to the regulator during fault conditions and to avoid violating the Absolute Maximum Ratings. 8.4 Device Functional Modes 8.4.1 External Capacitors An input bypass capacitor is recommended. A 0.1-F disc or 1-F solid tantalum on the input is suitable input bypassing for almost all applications. The device is more sensitive to the absence of input bypassing when adjustment or output capacitors are used but the above values will eliminate the possibility of problems. The adjustment terminal can be bypassed to ground on the LM317HV to improve ripple rejection. This bypass capacitor prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. With a 10-F bypass capacitor the 80-dB ripple rejection is obtainable at any output level. Increases over 10 F do not appreciably improve the ripple rejection at frequencies above 120 Hz. If the bypass capacitor is used, it is sometimes necessary to include protection diodes to prevent the capacitor from discharging through internal low current paths and damaging the device. 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 Device Functional Modes (continued) In general, the best type of capacitors to use are solid tantalum. Solid tantalum capacitors have low impedance even at high frequencies. Depending upon capacitor construction, it takes about 25 F in aluminum electrolytic to equal 1 F of solid tantalum at high frequencies. Ceramic capacitors are also good at high frequencies, but some types have a large decrease in capacitance at frequencies around 0.5 MHz. For this reason, a 0.01-F disc may seem to work better than a 0.1-F disc as a bypass. Although the LM317HV is stable with no output capacitors, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external capacitance can cause excessive ringing. This occurs with values between 500 pF and 5000 pF. A 1-F solid tantalum (or 25-F aluminum electrolytic) on the output swamps this effect and ensures stability. Any increase of load capacitance larger than 10 F will merely improve the loop stability and output impedance. 8.4.2 Protection Diodes When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Most 10-F capacitors have low enough internal series resistance to deliver 20-A spikes when shorted. Although the surge is short, there is enough energy to damage parts of the IC. When an output capacitor is connected to a regulator and the input is shorted, the output capacitor will discharge into the output of the regulator. The discharge current depends on the value of the capacitor, the output voltage of the regulator, and the rate of decrease of VIN. In the LM317HV, this discharge path is through a large junction that is able to sustain 15-A surge with no problem. This is not true of other types of positive regulators. For output capacitors of 25 F or less, there is no need to use diodes. The bypass capacitor on the adjustment terminal can discharge through a low current junction. Discharge occurs when either the input or output is shorted. Internal to the LM317HV is a 50- resistor which limits the peak discharge current. No protection is needed for output voltages of 25 V or less and 10-F capacitance. Figure 15 shows an LM317HV with protection diodes included for use with outputs greater than 25 V and high values of output capacitance. ae R2 o VOUT = 1.25 V c 1 + + I ADJ (R2 ) R1 /o e D1 protects against C1 D2 protects against C2 Figure 15. Regulator With Protection Diodes Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 11 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 www.ti.com 9 Application and Implementation NOTE Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI's customers are responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality. 9.1 Application Information The LMx17HV is a high voltage input capable linear regulator with overload protection. Due to its wide input voltage range, the LMx17HV serves a variety of applications and provides a precise voltage regulation with low dropout across a wide output voltage and load current range. The device regulates a constant 1.25 V between VOUT and ADJ, so placing a fixed resistor between these pins provides a constant current regulation. Capacitors at the input help filter the input power supply, while the output capacitors aid in transient response stability. A bypass capacitor can be placed between ADJ pin and ground (across R2) to improve ripple rejection. 9.2 Typical Applications 9.2.1 1.25-V to 45-V High Voltage Adjustable Regulator The LM117HV can be used as an adjustable regulator to allow a variety of output voltages for high voltage applications. By using an adjustable R2 resistor, a variety of output voltages can be made possible as shown in Figure 16. Full output current not available at high input-output voltages Optional--improves transient response. Output capacitors in the range of 1 F to 1000 F of aluminum or tantalum electrolytic are commonly used to provide improved output impedance and rejection of transients. *Needed if device is more than 6 inches from filter capacitors. ae R2 o VOUT = 1.25 V c 1 + + I ADJ (R2 ) R1 /o e Figure 16. 1.25-V to 45-V High Voltage Adjustable Regulator 9.2.1.1 Design Requirements The device component count is very minimal, employing two resistors as part of a voltage divider circuit and an output capacitor for load regulation. An input capacitor is needed if the device is more than 6 inches from filter capacitors. An optional bypass capacitor across R2 can also be used to improve PSRR. 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 Typical Applications (continued) 9.2.1.2 Detailed Design Procedure The output voltage is set based on the selection of the two resistors, R1 and R2, as shown in Figure 16. For details on capacitor selection, refer to External Capacitors. 9.2.1.3 Application Curve As shown in Figure 17, the maximum output current capability is limited by the input-output voltage differential, package type, and junction temperature. Figure 17. Current Limit 9.2.2 Digitally Selected Outputs Figure 18 shows a digitally selectable output voltage. In its default state, all transistors are off and the output voltage is set based on R1 and R2. By driving certain transistors, the associated resistor is connected in parallel to R2, modifying the output voltage of the regulator. *Sets maximum VOUT Figure 18. Digitally Selected Outputs 9.2.3 Logic Regulator (5-V) With Electronic Shutdown A variation of the 5-V output regulator application uses the LM117HV along with an NPN transistor to provide shutdown control. The NPN will either block or sink the current from the ADJ pin by responding to the TTL pin logic. When TTL is pulled high, the NPN is on and pulls the ADJ pin to GND, and the LM117HV outputs about 1.25 V. When TTL is pulled low, the NPN is off and the regulator outputs according to the programmed adjustable voltage. Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 13 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 www.ti.com NOTE: *Min. output 1.2 V Figure 19. Logic Regulator (5-V) With Electronic Shutdown 9.2.4 Slow Turnon 15-V Regulator An application of LM117HV includes a PNP transistor with a capacitor to implement slow turnon functionality. As VIN rises, the PNP sinks current from the ADJ rail. The output voltage at start-up is the addition of the 1.25-V reference plus the drop across the base to emitter. While this is happening, the capacitor begins to charge and eventually opens the PNP. At this point, the device functions normally, regulating the output at 15 V. A diode is placed between C1 and VOUT to provide a path for the capacitor to discharge. Such controlled turnon is useful for limiting the in-rush current. Figure 20. Slow Turnon 15-V Regulator 9.2.5 Adjustable Regulator With Improved Ripple Rejection To improve ripple rejection, a capacitor is used to bypass the ADJ pin to GND. This is used to smooth output ripple by cleaning the feedback path and stopping unnecessary noise from being fed back into the device, propagating the noise. Solid tantalum *Discharges C1 if output is shorted to ground Figure 21. Adjustable Regulator With Improved Ripple Rejection 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 9.2.6 High Stability 10-V Regulator Using a high-stability shunt voltage reference in the feedback path, such as the LM329, provides damping necessary for a stable, low noise output. Figure 22. High Stability 10-V Regulator 9.2.7 High Current Adjustable Regulator Using the LM195 power transistor in parallel with the LM117HV can increase the maximum possible output load current. Sense resistor R1 provides the 0.6 V across base to emitter to turn on the PNP. This on switch allows current to flow, and the voltage drop across R3 drives three LM195 power transistors designed to carry an excess of 1 A each. Note the selection of R1 determines a minimum load current for the PNP to turn on. The higher the resistor value, the lower the load current must be before the transistors turn on. Solid tantalum *Minimum load current = 30 mA Optional--improves ripple rejection Figure 23. High Current Adjustable Regulator 9.2.8 Emitter Follower Current Amplifier The LM117HV is used as a constant current source in this emitter follower circuit. The LM195 power transistor is being used as a current gain amplifier, boosting the INPUT current. The LM117HV provides a stable current bias than just using a resistor. Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 15 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 www.ti.com Figure 24. Emitter Follower Current Amplifier 9.2.9 1-A Current Regulator A simple, fixed-current regulator can be made by placing a resistor between the VOUT and ADJ pins of the LM317HV. By regulating a constant 1.25 V between these two terminals, a constant current is delivered to the load. Figure 25. 1-A Current Regulator 9.2.10 Common Emitter Amplifier Sometimes it is necessary to use a power transistor for high current gain. In this case, the LM117HV provides constant current at the collector of the LM195 in this common emitter application. The 1.25-V reference between VOUT and ADJ is maintained across the 2.4- resistor, providing about 500-mA constant bias current into the collector of the LM195. Figure 26. Common Emitter Amplifier 16 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 9.2.11 Low-Cost, 3-A Switching Regulator The LM317HV can be used in a switching buck regulator application in cost-sensitive applications that require high efficiency. The switch node above D1 oscillates between ground and VIN, as the voltage across sense resistor R1 drives the power transistor on and off. This circuit exhibits self-oscillating behavior by negative feedback through R6 and C3 to the ADJ pin of the LM317HV. Solid tantalum *Core--Arnold A-254168-2 60 turns Figure 27. Low-Cost, 3-A Switching Regulator 9.2.12 Adjustable Multiple On-Card Regulators With Single Control This application shows how multiple LM117HV regulators can be controlled by setting one resistor. Because each device maintains the reference voltage of about 1.25 V between its VOUT and ADJ pins, we can connect each ADJ rail to a single resistor, setting the same output voltage across all devices. This allows for independent outputs, each responding to its corresponding input only. Designers must also consider that by the nature of the circuit, changes to R1 and R2 will affect all regulators. NOTE: *All Minimum load--10 mA outputs within 100 mV Figure 28. Adjustable Multiple On-Card Regulators With Single Control Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 17 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 www.ti.com 9.2.13 AC Voltage Regulator In Figure 29, the top regulator is +6 V above the bottom regulator. It is clear that when the input rises above +6 V plus the dropout voltage, only the top LM317HV regulates +6 V at the output. When the input falls below -6 V minus the dropout voltage, only the bottom LM317HV regulates -6 V at the output. For regions where the output is not clipped, there is no regulation taking place, so we see the output follow the input. Figure 29. AC Voltage Regulator 9.2.14 12-V Battery Charger The LM317HV can be used in a battery charger application, where the device maintains either constant voltage or constant current mode depending on the current charge of the battery. To do this, the part senses the voltage drop across the battery and delivers the maximum charging current necessary to charge the battery. When the battery charge is low, there exists a voltage drop across the sense resistor RS, providing constant current to the battery at that instant. As the battery approaches full charge, the potential drop across RS approaches zero, reducing the current and maintaining the fixed voltage of the battery. ae R2 o RS sets output impedance of charger ZOUT = RS c 1 + R1 /o e Use of RS allows low charging rates with fully charged battery. **The 1000 F is recommended to filter out input transients Figure 30. 12-V Battery Charger 18 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 9.2.15 Adjustable 4-A Regulator Using three LM317HV devices in parallel increases load current capability. Output voltage is set by the variable resistor tied to the non-inverting terminal of the op amp, and reference current to the transistor is developed across the 100- resistor. When output voltage rises, the op amp corrects by drawing current from the base, closing the transistor. This effectively pulls ADJ down and lowers the output voltage through negative feedback. Figure 31. Adjustable 4-A Regulator 9.2.16 Current Limited 6-V Charger The current in a battery charger application is limited by switching between constant current and constant voltage states. When the battery pulls low current, the drop across the 1- resistor is not substantial and the NPN remains off. A constant voltage is seen across the battery, as regulated by the resistor divider. When current through the battery rises past peak current, the 1 provides enough voltage to turn the transistor on, pulling ADJ close to ground. This results in limiting the maximum current to the battery. Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 19 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 www.ti.com *Sets peak current (0.6 A for 1 ) **The 1000 F is recommended to filter out input transients Figure 32. Current Limited 6-V Charger 20 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV LM117HV, LM317HV www.ti.com SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 10 Power Supply Recommendations Normally, no capacitors are needed unless the device is situated more than six inches from the input filter capacitors, in which case an input bypass is needed. An optional output capacitor can be added to improve transient response. The adjustment terminal can be bypassed to achieve very high ripple rejections ratios, which are difficult to achieve with standard 3-terminal regulators. For information regarding capacitor selection, refer to External Capacitors. 11 Layout 11.1 Layout Guidelines Some layout guidelines should be followed to ensure proper regulation of the output voltage with minimum noise. Traces carrying the load current should be wide to reduce the amount of parasitic trace inductance and the feedback loop from V2 to ADJ should be kept as short as possible. To improve PSRR, a bypass capacitor can be placed at the ADJ pin and should be located as close as possible to the IC. In cases when VIN shorts to ground, an external diode should be placed from VOUT to VIN to divert the surge current from the output capacitor and protect the IC. Similarly, in cases when a large bypass capacitor is placed at the ADJ pin and VOUT shorts to ground, an external diode should be placed from ADJ to VOUT to provide a path for the bypass capacitor to discharge. These diodes should be placed close to the corresponding IC pins to increase their effectiveness. 11.2 Layout Example Figure 33. Layout Example (TO-220 Package) Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV Submit Documentation Feedback 21 LM117HV, LM317HV SNVS773D - APRIL 2000 - REVISED SEPTEMBER 2015 www.ti.com 12 Device and Documentation Support 12.1 Related Links The table below lists quick access links. Categories include technical documents, support and community resources, tools and software, and quick access to sample or buy. Table 2. Related Links PARTS PRODUCT FOLDER SAMPLE & BUY TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS TOOLS & SOFTWARE SUPPORT & COMMUNITY LM117HV Click here Click here Click here Click here Click here LM317HV Click here Click here Click here Click here Click here 12.2 Community Resources The following links connect to TI community resources. Linked contents are provided "AS IS" by the respective contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do not necessarily reflect TI's views; see TI's Terms of Use. TI E2ETM Online Community TI's Engineer-to-Engineer (E2E) Community. Created to foster collaboration among engineers. At e2e.ti.com, you can ask questions, share knowledge, explore ideas and help solve problems with fellow engineers. Design Support TI's Design Support Quickly find helpful E2E forums along with design support tools and contact information for technical support. 12.3 Trademarks E2E is a trademark of Texas Instruments. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 12.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. 12.5 Glossary SLYZ022 -- TI Glossary. This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions. 13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the most current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation. 22 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright (c) 2000-2015, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM117HV LM317HV PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 18-Oct-2017 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Pins Package Drawing Qty Eco Plan Lead/Ball Finish MSL Peak Temp (2) (6) (3) Op Temp (C) Device Marking (4/5) LM117HVH ACTIVE TO NDT 3 500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) AU | Call TI Level-1-NA-UNLIM -55 to 125 ( LM117HVHP+, LM11 7HVHP+) LM117HVH/NOPB ACTIVE TO NDT 3 500 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) AU | Call TI Level-1-NA-UNLIM -55 to 125 ( LM117HVHP+, LM11 7HVHP+) LM317HVT/NOPB ACTIVE TO-220 NDE 3 45 Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) CU SN Level-1-NA-UNLIM 0 to 125 LM317 HVT P+ (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may reference these types of products as "Pb-Free". RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption. Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of <=1000ppm threshold. Antimony trioxide based flame retardants must also meet the <=1000ppm threshold requirement. (3) MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature. (4) There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device. (5) Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device. (6) Lead/Ball Finish - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead/Ball Finish values may wrap to two lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum column width. Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release. Addendum-Page 1 Samples PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 18-Oct-2017 In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis. Addendum-Page 2 MECHANICAL DATA NDE0003B www.ti.com MECHANICAL DATA NDT0003A H03A (Rev D) www.ti.com IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated (TI) reserves the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46, latest issue, and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48, latest issue. Buyers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. TI's published terms of sale for semiconductor products (http://www.ti.com/sc/docs/stdterms.htm) apply to the sale of packaged integrated circuit products that TI has qualified and released to market. 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